freeze

freeze — verb

1. to become solid because the temperature drops to or below 0°C; or to cause a liq

1.verbtransitive / intransitiveB1
Definition

to become solid because the temperature drops to or below 0°C; or to cause a liquid to become solid by lowering its temperature to that point

Example

The lake froze completely after three days of below‑zero temperatures.

intransitive: water turns to ice in cold weather

Andrei left a bottle of water on the balcony, and it froze overnight.

intransitive: liquid becomes solid from cold

Common collocations
  • freeze solid
  • freeze overnight
  • freeze completely
Synonyms
  • solidify

    more technical; used for any substance changing to a solid, not just by cold

  • ice over

    phrasal verb; only for surfaces (lakes, roads) covered with ice

Antonyms
  • melt

    change from solid back to liquid

  • thaw

    become soft/liquid after being frozen

Grammar Patterns

freeze + object

subject + freeze

Usage Note

Frequently used intransitively for natural phenomena (lakes, rivers, ground) and transitively for human actions (freezing water to make ice).

Common Mistakes

The ice cream freezed in the fridge.
The ice cream froze in the fridge.
freeze is an irregular verb: freeze → froze → frozen.

2. to store food at a temperature well below 0°C so that it stays fresh for weeks o

2.verbtransitive / intransitiveB1
Definition

to store food at a temperature well below 0°C so that it stays fresh for weeks or months; or to be suitable for this kind of storage

Example

Emma froze the extra tomatoes from her garden to use in winter soups.

transitive: freeze + food for long‑term storage

This type of bread does not freeze well because it becomes dry and crumbly.

intransitive: food freezes well or badly

Common collocations
  • freeze well
  • freeze meat
  • freeze vegetables
  • frozen food
Synonyms
  • deep‑freeze

    more informal; often refers to storing at very low temperatures in a chest freezer

Antonyms
  • thaw

    return frozen food to normal temperature before cooking or eating

Grammar Patterns

freeze + food

food + freeze

Usage Note

Often used in cooking instructions: 'can be frozen', 'freezes well'. The intransitive use describes how a food behaves under freezing conditions.

Common Mistakes

I freezed the vegetables last week.
I froze the vegetables last week.
Remember: freeze → froze (past tense) → frozen (past participle).

3. when a machine, engine, lock, or computer screen freezes, it stops moving or wor

3.verbintransitiveB2
Definition

when a machine, engine, lock, or computer screen freezes, it stops moving or working properly, often because its parts are stuck or the system has a problem

Example

The car engine froze when Tunde tried to start it on the icy winter morning.

intransitive: engine stops due to cold

Yan's computer screen froze right in the middle of saving her document.

intransitive: computer stops responding

Common collocations
  • freeze up
  • engine freezes
  • computer freezes
  • screen freezes
Synonyms
  • seize up

    phrasal verb; more common for mechanical parts than for computers

  • crash

    for computers; implies the program or system shuts down rather than just pausing

Grammar Patterns

subject (machine/computer) + freeze

Usage Note

For computers, 'freeze' means the system stops responding entirely. In Taiwan, the colloquial term is 當機 (dàng jī). For mechanical parts, 'freeze' usually means cold has made them unable to move.

4. to suddenly become completely still and stop all movement, usually because of fe

4.verbintransitiveB2
Definition

to suddenly become completely still and stop all movement, usually because of fear, surprise, or a sudden shock

Example

The rabbit froze when it saw a fox at the edge of the field.

intransitive: animal stops still from fear

Nala froze in the doorway after hearing a strange noise from the basement.

intransitive: person becomes still from shock

Common collocations
  • freeze in place
  • freeze in fear
  • freeze mid‑sentence
  • freeze in one's tracks
Synonyms
  • stop dead

    more emphatic; suggests an abrupt halt with almost no warning

  • go still

    neutral; can describe stopping for any reason, not just fear

Grammar Patterns

subject (person/animal) + freeze

Usage Note

Common with 'in fear', 'in shock', 'in one's tracks'. The image is of a person turning as stiff as ice—the same core metaphor as the cold sense.

Common Mistakes

I was freezing from fear.' (meaning cold)
I froze from fear.
'freeze' for becoming still, 'freezing' for feeling cold. Different senses.

5. to press or hold the puck against the ice or the boards in an ice-hockey game so

5.verbtransitive / intransitiveC2
Definition

to press or hold the puck against the ice or the boards in an ice-hockey game so that play stops and the opposing team cannot take control of it

Example

The goaltender froze the puck with his glove, stopping play immediately.

sports term: freeze the puck in ice hockey

Sivan froze the puck against the boards to give his teammates a chance to rest.

Common collocations
  • freeze the puck

Grammar Patterns

freeze + the puck

Usage Note

A technical term in ice hockey. Not used in everyday conversation outside of sports contexts.

6. to keep wages, prices, rents, or spending at their current level by official dec

6.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to keep wages, prices, rents, or spending at their current level by official decision, not allowing any increase

Example

The government decided to freeze public sector wages for two years.

transitive: freeze + wages at current level

The university froze tuition fees to help students during the economic crisis.

Common collocations
  • freeze wages
  • freeze prices
  • freeze hiring
  • freeze spending
Synonyms
  • cap

    sets an upper limit but may allow decreases; 'freeze' holds at the same level

  • hold at

    less formal; used in everyday business contexts

Antonyms
  • raise

    increase wages, prices, or spending

Grammar Patterns

freeze + wages/prices/rents

Usage Note

Subject is usually a government, company, or institution that has control over the prices or wages being frozen. Often used during periods of high inflation or economic difficulty.

7. to legally prevent money, property, or bank accounts from being used, moved, or

7.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to legally prevent money, property, or bank accounts from being used, moved, or withdrawn, typically by a court order or government action

Example

The court froze the company's bank accounts during the fraud investigation.

transitive: freeze accounts by legal order

The judge ordered the authorities to freeze all assets belonging to the suspect.

Common collocations
  • freeze assets
  • freeze a bank account
  • freeze funds
Synonyms
  • seize

    stronger; means the authorities take ownership, not just block use

  • block

    broader; can be done by anyone, not just a court

Antonyms
  • release

    allow frozen money or property to be used again

Grammar Patterns

freeze + assets/accounts/funds

Usage Note

Frequently found in news reports about legal investigations and international sanctions. The person whose assets are frozen cannot use them until the legal situation is resolved.

Phrasal verbs

freeze out

phrasal verb

To deliberately exclude someone from a group or activity.

The older kids froze out the new boy from their games.

Why did they freeze her out of the project meeting?

freeze over

phrasal verb

To become covered with ice on the surface.

The lake froze over completely during the cold night.

Has the pond frozen over yet this winter?

Idioms

To suddenly stop moving because something frightens or surprises you.

When the bear appeared, Sara froze in her tracks.

Did you stop in your tracks when you saw the accident?

freeze — noun

Word family

  • freezer
    nounA2
  • freezing
    adjectiveA2
  • frozen
    adjectiveB1
  • freeze‑dry
    verbB2
  • freeze‑dried
    adjectiveB2
  • deep‑freeze
    nounB2
  • antifreeze
    nounC1
  • freeze‑up
    nounC1

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/4

All five words describe a halt in movement, but they differ in cause and duration. Freeze (verb/4) specifically means to stop suddenly because of fear, shock, or surprise — it implies the body goes rigid, like turning into ice. Stop is the general word: you can stop for any reason (a red light, to tie your shoe, to admire a view). Pause suggests a short, deliberate break before continuing, like pausing a video. Stiffen focuses on the body becoming tense and hard, but you might stiffen while still moving (e.g., stiffening your back during a difficult task). Stand still simply means not moving, without any emotion or tension. For example: 'The witness froze when the lawyer asked about the missing money' (fear), versus 'The tour guide paused to let everyone take photos' (deliberate break), versus 'The soldier stood still during the inspection' (no emotion).

Common collocations

Nouns

Phrases

  • below freezing
  • freeze to death
  • freeze in fear
  • freeze up

Etymology

Proto-GermanicOld EnglishMiddle EnglishEnglish

Freeze comes from Old English frēosan, meaning 'to become ice, turn to ice'. It traces back to the Proto-Germanic root *freusanan, which is related to Old High German friosan and Old Norse frjósa. The metaphorical uses developed over centuries: 'to become motionless from fear' dates from the 1800s, while the financial senses (freezing wages, assets) arose in the early 1900s. The computer sense of 'stop responding' appeared in the 1980s as personal computers became common.