surreal
Word family
- surrealismnounC1
- surrealistnounC1
- surrealistadjectiveC1
- surrealisticadjectiveC1
- surreallyadverbC1
Synonym discussion
Sense: adjective/1
All four words describe something that feels outside normal experience, but they differ in emphasis. Surreal is the broadest of the group and the most commonly used for everyday situations that feel strange — like seeing a familiar place in a completely new light. Dreamlike focuses specifically on the gentle, soft, or hazy quality of a dream, often with a positive or poetic tone. Unreal can mean anything that does not seem to belong to the real world, but it also has a literal sense ('not real') that surreal lacks — a fake diamond is unreal but not surreal. Bizarre emphasises oddness and shock value more than the other three; a bizarre event is strange in a jarring or unsettling way, while a surreal event can be strange yet calm. For example: winning a lottery feels surreal (strangely wonderful and dreamlike), but finding a person wearing a chicken costume at a business meeting is bizarre.
Common collocations
Adverbs
Phrases
- a surreal turn of events
- surreal as it sounds
- in a surreal twist
Etymology
The word surreal was formed in the 1930s by removing the ending from surrealism, the name of the early 20th-century art movement that tried to express the workings of the unconscious mind through strange, dreamlike images. Surrealism itself was adapted from French surréalisme, coined by the poet Guillaume Apollinaire around 1917 from sur- ('above, beyond') and réalisme ('realism'). The adjective quickly moved beyond art and into everyday language: by the 1940s, people were using surreal to describe any experience that felt bizarre enough to belong in a dream.