escape

escape — verb

1. to break free from confinement, whether a jail, cage, locked room, or any locati

1.verbtransitive / intransitiveB1
Definition

to break free from confinement, whether a jail, cage, locked room, or any location where someone or something has kept you trapped.

Example

João escaped from the prison by digging a tunnel under the wall.

escape + from + [place of confinement]

The bird escaped its cage when Sofie left the door open.

escape + noun phrase (direct object — cage/prison)

Common collocations
  • escape from prison
  • escape from a cage
  • escape captivity
  • attempt to escape
  • narrowly escape
Synonyms
  • flee

    suggests urgent, hurried movement away from danger

  • break out

    phrasal verb, specifically for escaping from prison

  • get free

    focuses on the result rather than the action

Antonyms
  • be captured

    the opposite outcome — being caught after trying to escape

  • be trapped

    the state of being unable to leave

Grammar Patterns

escape + from + [place/person]

escape + noun phrase (cage/prison/captor)

Usage Note

Frequently used with 'from' when specifying the place of confinement. In news reports about prisoners or animals, this is the most common sense.

Common Mistakes

The bird escaped from the cage by a small hole.
The bird escaped from the cage through a small hole.
Use 'through' for the opening, not 'by'.

2. to leave behind a setting, routine, or relationship that makes you feel trapped

2.verbtransitive / intransitiveB1
Definition

to leave behind a setting, routine, or relationship that makes you feel trapped or unhappy, sometimes just briefly.

Example

Ritu escaped the noise of the city by taking walks in the forest.

escape + [unwanted situation] + by + gerund

The children escaped their strict aunt for a few hours of playtime.

Common collocations
  • escape the noise
  • escape the pressure
  • escape reality
  • escape the routine
  • escape from it all
Synonyms
Antonyms
  • be stuck with

    informal, the feeling of being unable to leave

  • face

    to deal with something instead of avoiding it

Grammar Patterns

escape + from + [situation/person/place]

escape + noun phrase (noise/pressure/routine)

Usage Note

Often takes an object that is a situation or environment rather than a physical location. Common in expressions about taking a break from routine or responsibilities.

Common Mistakes

I want to escape from the city for relaxing.
I want to escape from the city to relax.
Use 'to' + infinitive for purpose, not 'for' + gerund.

3. to manage not to be affected or harmed by something unpleasant or dangerous, suc

3.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to manage not to be affected or harmed by something unpleasant or dangerous, such as injury, punishment, or criticism.

Example

Lakan escaped serious injury when the tree fell beside his car.

escape + [harm/danger] — narrowly avoid something bad

The driver escaped a fine because the police did not see him.

Common collocations
  • escape injury
  • escape punishment
  • escape death
  • escape a fine
  • narrowly escape
  • escape unharmed
Synonyms
  • avoid

    more general; 'escape' suggests the danger was real and close

  • evade

    suggests deliberate, often clever, avoidance

  • dodge

    more informal; suggests quick physical avoidance

Antonyms
  • suffer

    to experience the harm instead of avoiding it

  • incur

    formal; to bring something bad upon yourself

Grammar Patterns

escape + noun phrase (injury/fine/punishment/death)

escape + being + past participle

Usage Note

The object is always something negative — injury, punishment, criticism, death, or a similar harm. Often used with 'narrowly' to emphasise that the danger came very close.

Common Mistakes

He escaped to be hit by the car.
He escaped being hit by the car.
After 'escape' meaning 'avoid', use a gerund (being/getting), not an infinitive.

4. to avoid being seen, heard, or remembered by someone; to go without being notice

4.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to avoid being seen, heard, or remembered by someone; to go without being noticed or understood.

Example

The small mistake escaped the teacher's attention during the exam.

escape + [person's] + attention/notice

João tried to escape his mother's notice by slipping out the back door.

Common collocations
  • escape notice
  • escape attention
  • escape detection
  • escape someone's memory
  • escape the eye
Synonyms
  • evade

    suggests more deliberate avoidance

  • elude

    suggests clever or skillful avoidance

  • slip past

    informal, suggests moving quietly without being seen

Antonyms
  • catch

    to succeed in seeing or noticing something

  • spot

    informal; to see or notice something

Grammar Patterns

escape + [person's] + attention/notice/memory

escape + [person] (meaning not be seen or understood)

Usage Note

The subject is often not a person — it can be a detail, fact, mistake, sound, or name. The person who fails to notice or remember is the object. This sense does not use 'from'.

Common Mistakes

The name escaped from my mind.
The name escaped me.
This sense is transitive and does not take 'from'.

5. to hit a computer key, usually marked 'Esc', which takes you back to an earlier

5.verbintransitiveB1
Definition

to hit a computer key, usually marked 'Esc', which takes you back to an earlier screen, shuts a pop-up box, or halts an activity.

Example

When the game froze, Élise pressed Escape to go back to the main menu.

press Escape to return / exit

You can escape the full-screen mode by tapping the Esc key twice.

Common collocations
  • press Escape
  • hit Esc
  • tap the Esc key
  • escape a menu
  • escape full-screen

Grammar Patterns

press Escape / press Esc

escape + to + [screen/view]

Usage Note

Only used in computing contexts. The key is commonly referred to as 'Escape' or 'Esc' in instructions and on keyboards.

6. in computer programming, to place a special symbol before a character so that th

6.verbtransitiveC1
Definition

in computer programming, to place a special symbol before a character so that the computer treats it as plain text rather than as a command or special instruction.

Example

Esme used a backslash to escape the quotation mark inside the text string.

escape + [character] with [symbol]

You must escape special characters like dollar signs in shell commands.

Common collocations
  • escape a character
  • escape a symbol
  • escape a quotation mark
  • escape sequence
  • escape with a backslash

Grammar Patterns

escape + [character/symbol] + with/in + [symbol]

Usage Note

Only relevant in programming and markup languages. The backslash (\) is the most common escape symbol in many languages, though some use other characters.

7. to come out of a pipe, container, or enclosed space through a crack, hole, or we

7.verbintransitiveB2
Definition

to come out of a pipe, container, or enclosed space through a crack, hole, or weak point

Example

Gas escaped from the cracked pipe in the kitchen, so Mert opened all the windows.

escape + from + container (intransitive)

Smoke was slowly escaping through a small hole near the fireplace.

Common collocations
  • gas escapes
  • smoke escapes
  • air escapes
  • escape from a crack
  • escape through a hole
  • escape into the air
Synonyms
  • leak

    more general — used for both gradual and faster releases of gas or liquid

  • seep

    slower movement through small pores or cracks, especially of liquids

  • issue

    more formal and neutral in register

Antonyms
  • contain

    to keep something inside a container or space

  • seal

    to close an opening so nothing can get out

Grammar Patterns

escape + from/through/into + container or opening

Usage Note

Subject is typically a gas, liquid, or smell moving through a small opening. Commonly used with the prepositions from, through, or into.

Common Mistakes

Water escaped from the bucket when I dropped it.
Water spilled from the bucket when I dropped it.
Escape in this sense describes gradual leaking through a small opening, not a sudden spill.

8. If a sound, word, or breath escapes you, it leaves your mouth even though you di

8.verbtransitive / intransitiveC1
Definition

If a sound, word, or breath escapes you, it leaves your mouth even though you did not mean to make or say it.

Example

A tired sigh escaped Eleni's lips as she finally sat down after hours of work.

escape + person's lips (sound as grammatical subject)

A quiet laugh escaped Jude before he could stop himself during the meeting.

Common collocations
  • sigh escapes
  • laugh escapes
  • groan escapes
  • word escapes
  • escape someone's lips
  • escape someone's mouth
Synonyms
  • slip out

    less formal, mainly about words said accidentally

  • blurt out

    sudden and loud, often without thinking

  • utter

    more general, does not carry the sense of involuntariness

Antonyms
  • suppress

    to stop yourself from making a sound or saying something

  • hold back

    to prevent a sound or word from coming out

Grammar Patterns

escape + person/lips/mouth (sound or word as subject)

Usage Note

In this sense, the grammatical subject is the sound, word, or breath that comes out — not the person who produces it. (A sigh escaped her, not She escaped a sigh.)

Common Mistakes

He escaped a cry of surprise when he saw the gift.
A cry of surprise escaped him when he saw the gift.
In this sense of escape, the sound — not the person — should be the grammatical subject.
Idioms

To take action to fix a problem after the damage has already happened.

Maya installed antivirus software after her computer got a virus, closing the barn door after the horse had escaped.

Isn't it like locking the barn door after the horse has escaped to start saving money after retirement?

escape — noun

escape — adjective

Word family

  • escapes
    verbB1
  • escaped
    verbB1
  • escaping
    verbB1
  • escapee
    nounC1
  • escapism
    nounC1
  • escapist
    adjectiveC1
  • inescapable
    adjectiveB2
  • inescapably
    adverbC1

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

'Escape' and 'flee' both involve physically leaving a place, but 'flee' emphasises urgent, fearful movement away from danger ('they fled the burning house'), while 'escape' focuses on breaking free from confinement ('the prisoner escaped'). 'Evade' suggests clever or deceptive avoidance of something chasing you, such as police or criticism. 'Elude' is close to 'evade' but often implies skill or luck in staying out of reach ('the meaning eluded me'). 'Avoid' is the most general word — it simply means staying away from something unpleasant, without the sense of pursuit or confinement. 'Get away' is the informal phrasal verb for 'escape', common in everyday speech ('the thieves got away').

fleeevadeeludeavoidget away

Common collocations

Phrases

  • make an escape
  • narrow escape
  • lucky escape
  • escape route
  • escape plan
  • fire escape
  • escape hatch
  • escape clause
  • escape velocity

Prepositions

Etymology

LatinOld FrenchEnglish

Escape entered English in the 1300s from Old French 'eschaper', which came from Latin 'ex-' (out of) + 'cappa' (cloak or head covering). The original image was of taking off one's cloak to get free. Over time the meaning broadened from physical freedom to avoiding harm, notice, or routine.