catch

catch — verb

1. to use your hands to seize and hold an object while it travels through the air t

1.verbtransitive / intransitiveA1
Definition

to use your hands to seize and hold an object while it travels through the air toward you, for instance a ball someone has thrown

Example

Quan caught the ball with one hand and threw it back to his friend.

catch + [ball / thrown object]

The little girl ran across the yard trying to catch the falling leaves.

Common collocations
  • catch a ball
  • catch a frisbee
  • catch something in mid-air
  • catch with both hands
Synonyms
  • grab

    more sudden and less controlled; you grab at something rather than catching it neatly

  • snatch

    quick and forceful, often implying taking something away from someone

Antonyms
  • drop

    let something fall from your hands

  • miss

    fail to catch something that was thrown or falling

Grammar Patterns

catch + [moving object]

intransitive: [subject] + catch

Usage Note

This sense can be used without an object in sports contexts: 'The new player can really catch.'

Common Mistakes

She catched the ball.
She caught the ball.
'catch' is an irregular verb; the past form is 'caught', not 'catched'.

2. to go after someone or something that is escaping and take hold of them before t

2.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to go after someone or something that is escaping and take hold of them before they can break free

Example

The police caught the thief after a short chase through the park.

catch + [escaped person] after chase

The dog ran out of the yard, but Samir caught him before the road.

Common collocations
  • catch a fish
  • catch a thief
  • catch an animal
  • caught by police
Synonyms
  • capture

    more formal and often implies a planned operation rather than a spontaneous chase

  • trap

    using a device or trick to catch something, not a chase

Antonyms
  • release

    to set free on purpose

  • escape

    what the person or animal does when they are not caught

Grammar Patterns

catch + [person/animal escaping]

Usage Note

Can be used for both people escaping from the law and animals trying to get free. In fishing, 'catch' refers to the amount of fish you have taken from the water.

Common Mistakes

The police catched the robber.
The police caught the robber.
'catch' always becomes 'caught' in past tense, never 'catched'.

3. to see or find someone in the middle of doing something they should not be doing

3.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to see or find someone in the middle of doing something they should not be doing, especially something secret or against the rules

Example

The teacher caught two students copying answers from each other during the test.

catch + person + [verb]-ing for wrongdoing

Naoko caught her neighbour climbing over the fence late at night.

Common collocations
  • catch someone doing something
  • catch someone in the act
  • catch someone cheating
  • caught red-handed
Synonyms
  • discover

    more neutral; you can discover anything, not just wrongdoing

  • find out

    more general; can be about discovering facts, not necessarily catching someone in the act

Antonyms
  • miss

    fail to see or notice the wrongdoing

  • overlook

    intentionally or accidentally not notice

Grammar Patterns

catch + [person] + [verb]-ing

Usage Note

Always followed by a person and then the -ing form of a verb describing the wrong action. The -ing form cannot be replaced with a to-infinitive or base verb.

Common Mistakes

I caught him to steal.
I caught him stealing.
after 'catch' meaning discover, use the -ing form of the verb, not the to-infinitive.

4. to get and keep someone's attention or interest so that they notice and focus on

4.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to get and keep someone's attention or interest so that they notice and focus on something

Example

A bright red dress in the shop window caught Naoko's attention as she walked past.

catch [someone's] attention

The loud music from the street caught everyone's ear during the afternoon meeting.

Common collocations
  • catch someone's attention
  • catch someone's eye
  • catch someone's interest
  • catch the fancy of
Synonyms
  • attract

    more general; works with a wider range of objects (crowds, investments, criticism)

  • draw

    slightly more literary; 'draw someone's gaze' or 'draw attention'

Antonyms
  • ignore

    deliberately not pay attention

  • escape

    when something does not get noticed: 'The mistake escaped her attention'

Grammar Patterns

catch + [someone's] attention/eye/interest

Usage Note

The subject of the sentence is always the thing that attracts, not the person. Commonly paired with nouns like 'attention', 'eye', 'interest', 'fancy', or 'ear'. The collocation 'catch someone's eye' can also mean to make eye contact deliberately.

Common Mistakes

I catched her attention.
I caught her attention.' or 'The song caught her attention.
'caught' is the past form.

5. to find someone at a moment when they do not have something they need or expect,

5.verbtransitive
Definition

to find someone at a moment when they do not have something they need or expect, leaving them unable to respond well

Example

Sorry, I cannot help right now — you have caught me at a busy moment.

catch someone at a [adjective] moment

Eve caught Quan without his wallet, so she kindly paid for both their lunches.

catch someone without [needed item]

Common collocations
  • catch someone unprepared
  • catch someone off-guard
  • catch someone at a bad time
  • caught without
Synonyms
  • surprise

    more neutral; can be good or bad, while 'catch without' usually implies a problem

  • take by surprise

    similar meaning but slightly more formal

Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

catch + [person] + without + [noun]

catch + [person] + unprepared/off-guard

Usage Note

Often in the pattern 'catch someone without [noun]' or 'catch someone + adjective (unprepared, off-guard, napping)'. The passive form 'be caught without' is very common.

6. used to say strongly that someone will never do a particular thing because they

6.verb
Definition

used to say strongly that someone will never do a particular thing because they dislike it, disagree with it, or find it unacceptable

Example

You will not catch me eating raw fish — I cannot stand the taste of it.

won't catch me + [verb]-ing — refusal

You will not catch Ignacio going bungee jumping; he is afraid of heights.

Common collocations
  • won't catch someone doing
  • won't catch someone + -ing
Synonyms
  • refuse

    direct and straightforward, but less colourful than the idiom

  • wouldn't dream of

    similar strength but slightly more formal

Antonyms
  • be happy to

    willing acceptance: 'I'd be happy to try it'

Grammar Patterns

won't catch + [person] + [verb]-ing

Usage Note

Always in the fixed expression 'you won't catch [someone] doing [something]'. The phrase is informal and expresses a strong personal position. The subject is usually 'you' as a general reference, not addressing a specific person.

Common Mistakes

You won't catch me to eat that.
You won't catch me eating that.
use the -ing form after 'catch' in this expression, not the to-infinitive.

7. to get on an airplane, train, bus, or other form of public transport in order to

7.verbtransitiveA1
Definition

to get on an airplane, train, bus, or other form of public transport in order to travel somewhere

Example

Bilal caught the 7:15 train to commute into the city centre every morning.

catch + [time] + [mode of transport] for journeys

Élise caught a direct flight from Paris to Tokyo for her cousin's wedding.

Common collocations
  • catch a train / bus / plane / flight / ferry
  • catch the 8:15 / the early morning flight
  • catch the express / the local bus
Synonyms
  • take

    more general — 'take the bus' works for any journey; 'catch' emphasises being on time for a scheduled departure

  • board

    more formal; used mainly for planes and ships

Antonyms
  • miss

    to fail to get on a train, bus, or plane because you arrived too late

Grammar Patterns

catch + [time] + [mode of transport]

catch + [mode of transport] + to [destination]

Usage Note

Object is always a scheduled form of public transport (train, bus, plane, ferry) — not a private vehicle.

Common Mistakes

I caught my car to work this morning.
I caught the bus to work this morning.
'catch' is only used with public transport, not private vehicles.

8. to arrive early enough to see an event, watch a programme, or speak to someone b

8.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to arrive early enough to see an event, watch a programme, or speak to someone before it is too late

Example

Feng arrived just before nine and caught the beginning of the concert.

catch + [beginning/start] + of [event]

The night-shift nurse rushed home to catch the evening weather forecast.

Common collocations
  • catch the beginning / start of [event]
  • catch [someone] before [they leave]
  • catch the end of [a film / a programme]
Synonyms
  • make

    informal — 'make the show' means the same; 'catch' is slightly more neutral

Antonyms
  • miss

    to fail to see or reach an event or person because you arrived late

Grammar Patterns

catch + [event/tv programme]

in time to catch + [event]

Usage Note

Unlike sense 7, the object here is an event or a person, not a vehicle. Frequently appears with 'in time to [catch]' or 'just in time to [catch]'.

Common Mistakes

I caught the TV in time.
I caught the programme in time.
the object should be the event or programme, not the device.

9. to get sick from a germ, virus, or other infectious agent that enters your body

9.verbtransitiveA2
Definition

to get sick from a germ, virus, or other infectious agent that enters your body

Example

Tamar caught a bad cold after walking home through the heavy rain.

catch + a cold / flu / illness

The children in the class caught the flu during the winter term.

Common collocations
  • catch a cold / flu / virus / infection / disease
  • catch [an illness] from [someone]
  • catch a bug / a stomach bug
Synonyms
  • contract

    more formal; used mostly in medical or official writing

  • pick up

    informal; 'I picked up a bug somewhere'

  • come down with

    informal phrasal verb; focuses on the onset of symptoms

Grammar Patterns

catch + [illness]

catch + [illness] + from [person/place]

Usage Note

Frequently used with common illnesses (a cold, flu, chickenpox). More formal alternatives like 'contract' or 'become infected with' are used in medical contexts.

Common Mistakes

I catched a cold.
I caught a cold.
'catch' is irregular: catch → caught → caught.

10. to pick up a sound or someone's words with your ears and know what they mean, pa

10.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to pick up a sound or someone's words with your ears and know what they mean, particularly when it is hard to hear clearly

Example

Brian caught a few words of the conversation before the door slammed shut.

catch + words/details + of [conversation/speech]

Amelia tried to catch the main points of the news while cooking in the kitchen.

Common collocations
  • catch a name / a word / a few words
  • catch what [someone] said / was saying
  • didn't (quite) catch
  • could barely / hardly catch
Synonyms
  • hear

    neutral and general; 'catch' adds the idea of effort or briefness

  • make out

    phrasal verb; 'I couldn't make out what he said' — similar difficulty nuance

Grammar Patterns

catch + [words/details/name] + of [speech/conversation]

can/could catch + [what is said]

didn't quite catch + [what was said]

Usage Note

Very common in the negative or with modifiers like 'barely', 'hardly', 'only just' — it implies effort or difficulty in hearing. Also used for quick visual perception (sense 12), but this sense focuses on auditory understanding.

Common Mistakes

I caught what you said' (when hearing was easy).
I heard what you said
'catch' implies some effort or difficulty in hearing.

11. to visit a cinema, theatre, or performance space so that you can see a film, pla

11.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to visit a cinema, theatre, or performance space so that you can see a film, play, concert, or similar show

Example

Andrés and his classmates caught a late-night movie at the old cinema downtown.

catch + a movie/film/play at [venue]

The theatre group caught a wonderful performance of the ballet last spring.

Common collocations
  • catch a film / movie / play / show / concert / performance
  • catch the afternoon / evening show
  • catch [event] at [venue]
Synonyms
  • see

    neutral and more common; 'catch' adds a casual, spontaneous feel

  • watch

    focuses on the act of watching; 'catch' emphasises attending the event

  • attend

    more formal; 'attend a concert'

Grammar Patterns

catch + [film/play/performance/show]

catch + [event] + at [venue]

Usage Note

Slightly informal compared to 'see' or 'attend'. Used especially in conversational English: 'Let's catch a movie tonight.'

Common Mistakes

I caught a book at the library.
I caught a film at the cinema.
'catch' for watching only applies to performances and screenings, not reading material.

12. to see someone or something for only a moment, often without having time to look

12.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to see someone or something for only a moment, often without having time to look closely

Example

Marta caught a glimpse of the famous actor stepping into the waiting car.

catch a glimpse of [person/thing] — brief sighting

Ada caught sight of a deer running through the woods near the hiking trail.

catch sight of [person/animal/thing] — alternative pattern

Common collocations
  • catch a glimpse of
  • catch sight of
  • catch a view of
  • catch a flash of
Synonyms
  • glimpse

    as a verb, more formal; 'glimpse' and 'catch a glimpse of' are similar in meaning

  • spot

    suggests noticing something among other things; 'I spotted a rare bird'

Grammar Patterns

catch a glimpse of + [person/thing]

catch sight of + [person/thing]

Usage Note

Almost always used with the noun phrases 'a glimpse of', 'sight of', or 'a view of' — it does not directly take a person or thing as object. Compare: 'I caught a glimpse of him' ✅ vs 'I caught him' ❌ (in this sense).

Common Mistakes

I caught the celebrity at the airport' (when meaning briefly saw).
I caught a glimpse of the celebrity at the airport.
use 'catch a glimpse of' or 'catch sight of' for brief sightings.

13. to get and stay fixed to a surface or object without being able to move freely,

13.verbtransitive / intransitiveC2
Definition

to get and stay fixed to a surface or object without being able to move freely, or to cause something to become fixed in this way — for example, a zipper catching on a jacket lining, or a car door catching on a post.

Example

Otis's jacket zipper caught on the edge of the table as he walked past.

intransitive: catch + on [surface]

The boat's rope caught around a rock under the water and held them in place.

Common collocations
  • catch on
  • catch in
  • catch around
  • get caught
Synonyms
  • snag

    implies tearing or damaging the fabric while catching it

  • hook

    suggests being held by a curved object like a hook or branch

  • wedge

    describes being stuck tightly in a narrow space

Antonyms
  • release

    to free something that was stuck

Grammar Patterns

catch + on/in/around [something]

catch + object + on/in [something]

Usage Note

Object of the preposition is usually a hard surface, a protruding object, or a narrow space (on a nail, in a crack, around a rock).

14. to come into sudden contact with something or someone, usually without meaning t

14.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to come into sudden contact with something or someone, usually without meaning to — for example, a swing catching someone on the chin, or a bag catching a table corner.

Example

A thick branch caught Samir on the shoulder as he walked through the garden.

transitive: catch + body part + on [object]

Darius's elbow caught the glass vase and sent it crashing to the floor.

Common collocations
  • catch on
  • catch with
Synonyms
  • strike

    more formal and can be intentional; 'catch' is always accidental

  • hit

    more general; 'catch' specifically suggests an unwanted glancing contact

Grammar Patterns

catch + [part of body] + on [something]

catch + [object] + and + [verb]

Usage Note

Unlike 'hit', which can be intentional or unintentional, 'catch' in this sense is always accidental. Subject is often a body part or an object being swung or moved.

Common Mistakes

He intentionally caught the ball with his bat.
He intentionally hit the ball with his bat.
'catch' in this sense means accidentally hitting something, not striking a ball on purpose.

15. to end up in a difficult or unpleasant situation even though you did not plan or

15.verbC2
Definition

to end up in a difficult or unpleasant situation even though you did not plan or wish to — for example, being caught in a storm, or caught up in an argument between friends.

Example

The children were caught in a sudden storm and arrived home soaking wet.

passive: be caught in [weather/situation]

Caio found himself caught up in a heated debate about the new school rules.

Common collocations
  • caught in
  • caught up in
  • caught between
Synonyms
Antonyms
  • avoid

    to stay away from a situation

Grammar Patterns

be caught + in [situation]

be caught + up in [event/argument]

be caught + between [two forces]

Usage Note

Almost always used in the passive voice ('be/get caught'). The active form ('The storm caught the children') is occasionally possible but much less common. Distinguish from sense 3 (DISCOVER) where 'catch' means 'find someone doing wrong' — this sense is about being trapped in a situation, not being discovered.

Common Mistakes

I caught in the rain yesterday.
I was caught in the rain yesterday.
This sense requires the passive form 'be caught' or 'get caught'.

16. to briefly pause from breathing because of a strong emotion such as fear or surp

16.verbB1
Definition

to briefly pause from breathing because of a strong emotion such as fear or surprise; or to return to a normal breathing speed after exercising — used in the phrase 'catch one's breath'.

Example

Mateo stopped at the top of the stairs to catch his breath.

phrase: catch one's breath (after exercise)

Tamás caught his breath in surprise when he saw the messy kitchen.

phrase: catch one's breath (from shock)

Common collocations
  • catch one's breath
  • stop to catch one's breath
  • catch one's breath in surprise
Synonyms
  • pause for breath

    less idiomatic, more literal; 'catch one's breath' is the standard fixed expression

Grammar Patterns

catch + possessive + breath

Usage Note

Commonly used in two distinct contexts: (a) recovery after exercise — 'stop to catch your breath'; (b) sudden intake of air from emotion — 'catch your breath in surprise'. Both use the same fixed phrase 'catch + possessive + breath' and the possessive always agrees with the subject.

Common Mistakes

She catched her breath after running.
She caught her breath after running.
The past tense is 'caught', not 'catched'.

17. to have your skin change colour to red or brown as a result of being outdoors in

17.verbB2
Definition

to have your skin change colour to red or brown as a result of being outdoors in strong sunlight — used especially in British English in the phrase 'catch the sun'.

Example

Tamás caught the sun during his week-long holiday on the Greek coast.

idiom: catch the sun (= get sunburnt)

Aaron's ears caught the sun and turned bright red despite the sunscreen.

Common collocations
  • catch the sun
Synonyms
  • get sunburnt

    more international and literal; 'catch the sun' is a British idiom

  • get a tan

    implies a positive, desirable outcome; 'catch the sun' can be neutral or negative

Grammar Patterns

catch + the + sun

Usage Note

Primarily British English. Speakers of American English would typically say 'got sunburnt' or 'got a tan' instead. The phrase always uses the definite article 'the sun', never a possessive ('my sun').

18. to be hit by a source of light in a way that makes the surface appear bright, sh

18.verbB2
Definition

to be hit by a source of light in a way that makes the surface appear bright, shiny, or sparkly — used in the phrase 'catch the light'.

Example

The diamond on Sora's ring caught the light and sparkled across the restaurant.

idiom: catch the light (= shine when lit)

The old stained-glass window caught the afternoon sun and filled the room with colour.

Common collocations
  • catch the light
  • catch the sun
  • catch the sunlight
  • catch the morning light
Synonyms
  • glint in the light

    describes a brief flash; 'catch the light' can describe a longer shine

  • gleam

    a verb meaning to shine softly; 'catch the light' emphasises the light source as the trigger

Grammar Patterns

catch + the + light / sun / sun's rays

Usage Note

The subject is always an object with a reflective or polished surface. The phrase can be used with 'light', 'sun', 'sunlight', 'sun's rays', or 'moonlight'. Common in descriptive and literary writing.

19. to start burning, usually because a flame or spark touches something

19.verbintransitiveB1
Definition

to start burning, usually because a flame or spark touches something

Example

Soraya's scarf caught fire when she leaned too close to the candle.

collocation: catch fire

The dry leaves in the garden caught fire after lightning struck the tree.

Common collocations
  • catch fire
Synonyms
  • ignite

    more formal and technical; used for deliberate or chemical ignition

  • burst into flames

    more dramatic; describes sudden, intense burning

Antonyms
  • go out

    stop burning; opposite process

  • extinguish

    formal; to put out a fire deliberately

Grammar Patterns

catch fire

Usage Note

Almost always used in the fixed phrase "catch fire." The subject is the object that burns, not the fire itself.

Common Mistakes

The newspaper caught quickly.' (when meaning it started burning)
The newspaper caught fire quickly.
For sense 19, 'catch' alone is unusual; use 'catch fire' instead.

20. for wood, coal, or other fuel that is used in a fire to start burning

20.verbintransitiveB1
Definition

for wood, coal, or other fuel that is used in a fire to start burning

Example

The damp firewood took a long time to catch, but it burned brightly once it started.

intransitive: the fuel catches

Ari struck a match and held it to the kindling until it caught.

Common collocations
  • catch quickly
  • catch easily
  • refuse to catch
  • fail to catch
Synonyms
  • ignite

    more formal; often used for deliberate lighting

  • take light

    less common; describes the moment a fire begins to burn steadily

Antonyms
  • go out

    stop burning; opposite process

Grammar Patterns

catch (without 'fire')

Usage Note

Used without "fire" — the subject is the fuel that begins to burn. Often used with adverbs such as "quickly" or "easily", or after "refuse to" and "fail to."

Common Mistakes

The wood caught fire.' (for fuel in a fireplace)
The wood caught.
For fuel that is meant to burn, 'catch' alone is more natural than 'catch fire.'

21. to show or copy something exactly in a picture, story, or performance, so that t

21.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to show or copy something exactly in a picture, story, or performance, so that the result feels true to the original

Example

Christopher's painting of his grandmother catches the warmth in her eyes.

pattern: catch + abstract quality (warmth, mood, spirit)

The novel catches the atmosphere of 1920s Paris with vivid description.

Common collocations
  • catch the mood
  • catch the atmosphere
  • catch the likeness
  • catch the essence
Synonyms
  • capture

    interchangeable with 'catch' in this sense; equally common in art and photography

  • depict

    more formal and deliberate; focuses on the act of showing rather than accuracy

Antonyms
  • miss

    fail to show or represent something accurately

Grammar Patterns

catch something

Usage Note

Common in reviews of art, literature, photography, and performances. The object is usually an abstract quality such as a mood, atmosphere, expression, gesture, or likeness.

Phrasal verbs

be caught up in

phrasal verb

To become involved in something, often without wanting to.

He was caught up in the excitement of the crowd.

She got caught up in a traffic jam on her way home.

catch at

phrasal verb

To try to take or hold something quickly.

The drowning man caught at the rope thrown to him.

She caught at his sleeve to stop him leaving.

catch on

phrasal verb

To become popular or understood.

The new dance craze quickly caught on with teenagers.

It took a while for the joke to catch on with the audience.

catch out

phrasal verb

To discover that someone is doing something wrong or lying.

The detective caught out the suspect with a clever question.

She was caught out when her story didn't match the facts.

catch up

phrasal verb

To reach the same level or position as someone ahead.

Run faster, or you won't catch up with the group.

After missing a week, he had to catch up on homework.

catch up on

phrasal verb

To do something that you have not had time to do.

I need to catch up on my sleep this weekend.

She used the flight to catch up on reading.

catch up with

phrasal verb

To reach someone who is ahead by going faster.

He ran fast to catch up with the bus.

The police finally caught up with the escaped prisoner.

get caught up in

phrasal verb

To become involved in something, often unexpectedly.

Don't get caught up in their argument; stay out of it.

She got caught up in the excitement of the parade.

Idioms

To become involved in a disagreement between two other people or groups.

When my parents argue, I often get caught in the middle.

Maya was caught in the middle of her friends' fight.

To suddenly need to go to the toilet urgently.

During the long car ride, Diego was caught short.

Sara was caught short and had to find a restroom quickly.

To be in a difficult situation where any choice leads to bad results.

The manager was caught in a cleft stick between budget cuts.

Aiden found himself in a cleft stick with both options bad.

To stop breathing for a moment because of fear or surprise.

When the car nearly hit him, he caught his breath.

Mia caught her breath when she saw the huge spider.

To become ill with a cold.

Jake caught a cold after playing in the rain.

Did you catch a cold from your sister?

To catch a very bad cold.

Go inside or you'll catch your death of cold.

Without a coat, she'll catch her death.

To attract someone's attention.

The bright red dress caught her eye in the store.

Can you catch the waiter's eye for the bill?

To attract or please someone.

The little puppy caught the girl's fancy immediately.

Which book takes your fancy from this shelf?

To be punished or told off angrily.

If Mom finds out, you'll really catch it.

Tom caught it from his boss for being late.

To get an advantage by doing something when someone is not ready.

The sudden question caught the student napping.

Our team caught them napping with a quick goal.

To surprise someone by doing something when they are not ready.

The pop quiz caught the class on the hop.

His sudden arrival caught me on the hop.

To upset someone by mentioning a sensitive topic.

Her comment about his weight caught him on the raw.

The joke touched her on the raw, and she left.

To catch someone in the act of doing something wrong.

The police caught the thief red-handed stealing a car.

Mom caught me red-handed eating the cake.

To surprise someone when they are not ready, especially in an embarrassing situation.

The reporter caught the politician with his pants down.

She caught him with his pants down during the exam.

The person who acts early gets an advantage over others.

Remember, the early bird catches the worm, so wake up early.

She got the best seats because the early bird catches the worm.

To make someone unsteady or surprised, causing them to lose control.

The strong wind threw the cyclist off balance.

His unexpected question caught the speaker off balance.

To put someone at a disadvantage or in a difficult position.

The new regulations put small businesses on the back foot.

Her quick argument caught him on the back foot.

catch — noun

Word family

  • catches
    verbA1
  • catching
    adjectiveB1
  • caught
    verbA1
  • catcher
    nounB1
  • catch-up
    nounB2
  • catchphrase
    nounB2
  • catchy
    adjectiveB2
  • catch-all
    nounC1

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

The verb 'catch' is the most general word for taking hold of something in motion, especially with your hands. 'Grab' suggests a quicker, more forceful action — you grab something impulsively or urgently, while 'catch' implies a controlled, often planned movement. 'Seize' is more formal and implies taking something suddenly and firmly, often with authority (e.g., police seizing stolen goods). 'Grasp' focuses on holding firmly rather than the act of taking; you can grasp something that is already in your hand. 'Capture' is the most formal and suggests catching after a deliberate effort or strategy, like capturing an escaped animal. 'Trap' involves using a device or trick rather than a direct chase. For example: 'Quan caught the ball with one hand' (controlled action), 'She grabbed the keys off the table' (quick, impulsive), 'The police captured the suspect after a long chase' (planned operation).

Common collocations

Phrases

Prepositions

Etymology

LatinOld North FrenchAnglo-NormanEnglish

Catch entered English in the 1200s from Old North French 'cachier', meaning to chase or capture. That word came from Latin 'captiare', a frequentative form of 'capere' (to take or seize). The original sense of chasing and capturing animals eventually broadened to cover taking moving objects, noticing things, and catching illnesses — all connected by the idea of reaching out and taking hold of something.