edit
Word family
Synonym discussion
Sense: verb/1
All four words involve improving a text, but they differ in scope and register. 'Edit' is the broadest — it covers correcting mistakes, cutting, rearranging, and preparing something for publication or public viewing. 'Revise' is more common for student writing and implies careful re-reading to improve the content, structure, or argument; it does not necessarily involve publication. 'Proofread' is the narrowest — it means only checking for surface errors like typos, spelling, and punctuation without changing the content or structure. 'Amend' is formal and used almost exclusively for official documents, laws, or contracts; it suggests a precise, minor change rather than a full overhaul. For example: an author edits a novel for months, a student revises an essay before the deadline, an assistant proofreads a report for typos, and a committee amends a clause in a contract.
Common collocations
Etymology
The word 'edit' was formed by working backwards from 'editor', which came from the Latin 'editor' meaning 'one who puts forth or publishes'. The Latin root 'edere' combines 'e-' (out) and 'dare' (to give), so the original idea was 'to give out' — that is, to publish something for others to see. The modern sense of 'making changes' emerged in the 1700s as editors began not just publishing but also improving texts before they appeared in print.