help

help — verb

1. to do part of someone's work, or to give them advice, money, or support, so that

1.verbtransitive / intransitiveA1
Definition

to do part of someone's work, or to give them advice, money, or support, so that their task becomes possible or easier to complete.

Example

Walid helped his younger sister with her maths homework after dinner.

help + object + with + noun phrase

The government gave money to help small businesses during the economic crisis.

help + object (no preposition)

Common collocations
  • help with
  • help someone to
  • help someone do
Synonyms
  • assist

    more formal than 'help'; often used in professional or official contexts

  • aid

    more formal; often refers to providing money, resources, or emergency support

  • support

    can imply longer-term help, including emotional or financial backing

Antonyms
  • hinder

    to make it more difficult for someone to do something

  • obstruct

    to block or prevent progress deliberately

Grammar Patterns

help + object + infinitive

help + object + with + noun phrase

help + (object) + to-infinitive

Common Mistakes

She helped me to carried the bags.
She helped me carry the bags.
after 'help + object', use the base form of the verb (bare infinitive), not the past tense.
He helped me for my homework.
He helped me with my homework.
use 'with' (not 'for') when naming the task.

2. to make a difficult, painful, or uncomfortable condition less bad or easier to b

2.verbtransitive / intransitiveA2
Definition

to make a difficult, painful, or uncomfortable condition less bad or easier to bear.

Example

Taking a warm bath helps the pain in Meera's back.

helps + noun phrase (the thing improved)

Talking to a close friend can really help when you feel sad or worried.

help used intransitively

Common collocations
  • help a situation
  • help the pain
  • help matters
Synonyms
  • relieve

    specifically about reducing pain, pressure, or worry

  • ease

    focuses on making something less severe; common with physical discomfort

  • soothe

    suggests calming or making something feel better gradually

Antonyms
  • worsen

    to make a bad situation even worse

  • aggravate

    to make an injury, problem, or bad situation more serious

Grammar Patterns

something + helps

it helps + to-infinitive

something + helps + noun phrase

Usage Note

The subject of this sense is typically a thing or a circumstance (medicine, rest, talking), not a person acting intentionally.

Common Mistakes

The medicine helped me to my headache.
The medicine helped my headache.
when the subject is a treatment, the object is the problem being improved, not the person.

3. to be one of the reasons or causes that make something happen, often together wi

3.verbintransitiveB1
Definition

to be one of the reasons or causes that make something happen, often together with other factors.

Example

The warm spring weather helped the crops grow faster than usual this year.

help + object + bare infinitive (cause-effect)

Regular exercise helps to keep your heart healthy as you get older.

help + to-infinitive

Common collocations
  • help to
  • help in
  • help bring about
Synonyms
  • contribute to

    more formal; emphasises being one factor among several

  • facilitate

    formal; means to make a process easier or more likely to happen

  • promote

    suggests actively encouraging or supporting a result

Antonyms
  • prevent

    to stop something from happening

  • hinder

    to make it harder for something to happen or develop

Grammar Patterns

something + helps to + infinitive

something + helps in + -ing

Usage Note

Commonly used with 'to' (helps to explain) or a bare infinitive (helps explain). The subject is a factor or circumstance, not a person choosing to help.

Common Mistakes

Exercise helps you to lose weight' (when the intended meaning is that exercise contributes to weight loss).
Exercise helps you lose weight' or 'Exercise helps to lose weight.
both the bare infinitive and the 'to'-infinitive are correct; avoid adding 'you' as the object if the focus is on the general effect.

4. describes a feeling or action that a person cannot prevent, no matter how hard t

4.verbintransitiveB1
Definition

describes a feeling or action that a person cannot prevent, no matter how hard they try.

Example

I couldn't help laughing when Quan told that silly joke.

couldn't help + -ing (involuntary reaction)

Leila can't help checking her phone every few minutes when she is bored.

Common collocations
  • can't help it
  • can't help but
  • can't help wondering
Synonyms
  • can't stop

    similar meaning but less idiomatic; can feel more literal

  • can't resist

    stronger; implies temptation or desire, not just lack of control

Grammar Patterns

cannot/can't help + -ing

cannot/can't help + it

couldn't help + -ing

Usage Note

This sense ALWAYS appears in the negative form (can't help / couldn't help). The phrase 'can't help it' is a fixed expression meaning the person has no control over the situation. Distinguish from sense 1 — here the person is NOT choosing to act; the action is automatic.

Common Mistakes

I can help feeling happy when I see you.' (with positive 'can' — this changes the meaning completely).
I can't help feeling happy when I see you.
the negative form is essential for this sense.
I couldn't help but to laugh.
I couldn't help laughing.
use the -ing form after 'can't help,' not 'but' + infinitive.

5. to take and offer food or a drink to yourself or another person at a table.

5.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to take and offer food or a drink to yourself or another person at a table.

Example

Christopher helped himself to another slice of pizza from the box.

help + oneself + to + food

Please help yourselves to coffee and cake from the table.

polite invitation: help + yourself/yourselves + to

Common collocations
  • help yourself
  • help yourself to
  • help someone to
Synonyms
  • serve

    more formal; the server is typically in a host or waiter role

  • take

    neutral; lacks the polite, welcoming tone of 'help yourself'

Grammar Patterns

help + yourself + to + food/drink

help + someone + to + food/drink

Usage Note

Very common in polite invitations: 'Help yourself.' The reflexive pronoun (yourself / himself / herself / themselves) is required. This sense is polite and welcoming, unlike sense 6 which has a negative tone.

Common Mistakes

Help you to some rice' (missing reflexive pronoun).
Help yourself to some rice.
the reflexive pronoun 'yourself' is required in this pattern.

6. to take an item that belongs to someone else, without their agreement.

6.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to take an item that belongs to someone else, without their agreement.

Example

Someone helped themselves to the money from my desk drawer.

help + oneself + to (stealing/taking without right)

The stranger helped himself to a bottle of wine while the host was not looking.

Common collocations
  • help yourself to
Synonyms
  • steal

    more direct and stronger; always implies illegality or wrongdoing

  • take without asking

    more literal; less serious in tone than 'steal'

  • pinch

    informal British English; suggests taking something small

Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

help + oneself + to + something (without permission)

Usage Note

Same structure as sense 5 (help + reflexive pronoun + to), but the tone is negative and disapproving. Context makes the difference: when the thing taken belongs to someone else and is taken secretly, the meaning shifts from 'serving oneself politely' to 'stealing.'

Common Mistakes

He helped himself to a cookie' (when the tone is neutral or positive — this should be sense 5, not sense 6).
He helped himself to a cookie from the jar
the situational context (ownership, permission) determines which sense applies.
Phrasal verbs

help off with

phrasal verb

This means to assist someone in removing an item of clothing.

Diego helped the child off with his wet coat.

Could you help me off with these heavy boots?

help on with

phrasal verb

This means to assist someone in putting on an item of clothing.

Maya helped her little brother on with his jacket.

Can you help me on with this necklace?

help out

phrasal verb

This means to give assistance, especially in a difficult situation.

Aiden helped out at the soup kitchen last Saturday.

Could you help out with the dishes after dinner?

Idioms

This means to provide assistance or support to someone.

Sara gave a helping hand to her elderly neighbor with groceries.

Can you lend a helping hand at the community garden this weekend?

This is used to express fear that something bad will happen to someone.

Heaven help the student who forgets the homework again.

God help us if the storm hits the coast tonight.

This is used to emphasize that you are telling the truth, often in a formal setting.

I swear I saw the accident, so help me God.

So help me, I will finish this project on time.

help — noun

help — exclamation

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

Help is the most general and common word: you can help someone carry bags, finish work, or solve a problem. Assist is more formal and often suggests a secondary role — the person assisting is not the main person doing the task. Aid is even more formal and is often used for emergency relief, financial support, or organisations that provide resources ('aid agencies'). Support implies longer-term backing — emotional, financial, or practical — and suggests standing with someone through a process rather than doing a specific task for them. For example: a friend helps you move house (doing the physical work); a counsellor supports you through grief (ongoing emotional care); a nurse assists a doctor during surgery (professional, secondary role); an international organisation aids refugees (providing food, shelter, medicine).

Common collocations

Nouns

  • help desk
  • help centre
  • help line
  • help file

Adverbs

  • greatly help
  • enormously help
  • certainly help

Phrases

  • with the help of
  • beyond help
  • come to the help of

Prepositions

  • help with
  • help in
  • help for

Etymology

Proto-Indo-EuropeanProto-GermanicOld EnglishEnglish

The word 'help' comes from Old English 'helpan' (verb), which goes back to a Proto-Germanic root *helpana. This root is related to Old Norse 'hjalpa', Old High German 'helfan', and Gothic 'hilpan'. The deeper origin is a Proto-Indo-European root *kelb- or *kelp-, which may have meant 'to help' or 'to support'. The noun form developed naturally from the verb in Old English, and the exclamation 'Help!' as a cry for rescue has been in use since at least the 1500s.