bear

bear — verb

1. to keep going while pain, trouble, or annoyance is happening, without breaking d

1.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to keep going while pain, trouble, or annoyance is happening, without breaking down or giving up.

Example

Rita bore the long train delay without shouting at the staff.

bear + unpleasant situation

Even after the surgery, Grandpa bore the pain quietly at home.

bear + pain

Common collocations
  • bear the pain
  • bear the noise
  • bear the pressure
  • cannot bear it
Synonyms
  • endure

    close in meaning, but slightly more formal

  • tolerate

    stresses allowing something you dislike

  • stand

    informal, especially in negatives such as 'can't stand'

Antonyms
  • enjoy

    to take pleasure in something instead of suffering through it

  • reject

    to refuse to accept a condition or treatment

Grammar Patterns

cannot bear + noun

cannot bear + to-infinitive

cannot bear + -ing form

Usage Note

Often appears with 'cannot', 'could not', or another limiting word. The object is usually something unpleasant or difficult; distinguish from sense 3, where the idea is that something is too upsetting even to think about calmly.

Common Mistakes

I can't bear with this noise.
I can't bear this noise.
In this sense, 'bear' usually takes the unpleasant thing directly as its object.

2. to accept that a duty, cost, blame, or result belongs to you, and deal with it y

2.verbtransitive
Definition

to accept that a duty, cost, blame, or result belongs to you, and deal with it yourself.

Example

The company will bear the cost of repairing every broken tablet.

bear + the cost

After the crash, both drivers had to bear some blame.

bear + blame

Common collocations
  • bear responsibility
  • bear the cost
  • bear the blame
  • bear the loss
Synonyms
  • assume

    formal; often used for responsibility or debt

  • shoulder

    suggests carrying a heavy duty or burden

  • take on

    more neutral and less formal

Antonyms
  • avoid

    to stay away from taking the duty or blame

  • shift

    to move the cost or blame onto someone else

Grammar Patterns

bear + responsibility

bear + the cost

bear + the blame/loss

Usage Note

Common with nouns such as 'cost', 'responsibility', 'blame', and 'loss'. The subject is the person or group that accepts the duty or result.

Common Mistakes

The company paid responsibility for the error.
The company bore responsibility for the error.
Use 'bear' with words like 'responsibility' and 'cost' to show who takes them on.

3. to be so painful, sad, or frightening that the mind does not want to face it.

3.verb
Definition

to be so painful, sad, or frightening that the mind does not want to face it.

Example

The photo of the empty classroom was almost too sad to bear.

too + adjective + to bear

For Emma, the thought of losing her son was hard to bear.

hard to bear

Common collocations
  • too painful to bear
  • hard to bear
  • more than she could bear
  • too much to bear
Synonyms
  • stomach

    informal, often for something emotionally upsetting

  • handle

    broader and less emotional than 'bear'

  • take

    informal, especially in phrases like 'I can't take it'

Antonyms
  • face

    to confront the painful truth directly

  • confront

    more direct and deliberate than 'bear'

Grammar Patterns

too + adjective + to bear

hard to bear

more than [someone] can bear

Usage Note

Most common in patterns like 'too ... to bear' and 'hard to bear'. Distinguish from sense 1: this sense focuses on emotional weight that feels almost impossible to think about or face.

Common Mistakes

I bore the idea of the accident all day.
I could not bear the idea of the accident all day.
This sense is usually used with words like 'could not', 'too', or 'hard' to show mental pain.

4. to have, display, contain, or keep something as part of you or on you, such as a

4.verbtransitiveC1
Definition

to have, display, contain, or keep something as part of you or on you, such as a name, a mark, a date, or a feeling.

Example

The silver box bears my grandmother's initials on the lid.

bear + initials/name

Her right arm still bears a thin scar from the bicycle crash.

bear + scar/mark

Common collocations
  • bear a name
  • bear a scar
  • bear the date
  • bear a signature
Synonyms
  • have

    more general and much more common

  • display

    stresses something visible

  • carry

    common in formal writing for labels, marks, or features

Antonyms
  • lack

    to not have the feature or mark

  • omit

    to leave out information such as a date or name

Grammar Patterns

bear + a name

bear + a date/signature

bear + a scar/mark

Usage Note

Common in formal writing. The object is usually a visible mark, an official name, a date, a signature, or an emotion shown on the face. Distinguish from sense 7 in the other verb chunk: this sense means 'have/show', not 'carry to a place'.

Common Mistakes

The ticket writes today's date.
The ticket bears today's date.
In formal wording, 'bear' can mean that information is shown on something.

5. to keep a person or thing raised by taking its weight.

5.verbtransitive
Definition

to keep a person or thing raised by taking its weight.

Example

These old wooden beams still bear the kitchen roof safely.

bear + weight of structure

The ice could not bear the farmer and his horse.

bear + person/animal weight

Common collocations
  • bear the weight
  • bear the load
  • bear the roof
  • bear traffic
Synonyms
  • support

    the closest everyday equivalent

  • hold up

    more informal

  • carry

    often used for weight on structures or roads

Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

bear + weight

bear + load

bear + traffic

Usage Note

The subject is usually a structure, surface, or body part, and the object is the weight it supports. Common in physical and engineering descriptions.

Common Mistakes

The chair can support with two adults.
The chair can bear two adults.
With 'bear', the weight is usually the direct object.

6. to produce young if an animal is female, or to grow fruit or flowers if it is a

6.verbtransitive / intransitiveC2
Definition

to produce young if an animal is female, or to grow fruit or flowers if it is a plant.

Example

The mango tree bore yellow fruit after the long rainy season.

bear + fruit

That old apple tree still bears fruit every autumn.

Common collocations
  • bear fruit
  • bear flowers
  • bear young
  • bear cubs
Synonyms
  • produce

    the broadest equivalent for plants or results

  • yield

    common for crops and formal writing

  • give birth to

    used for animals or people, not plants

Antonyms
  • be barren

    to produce no young or fruit

  • fail

    for plants or animals that do not produce as expected

Grammar Patterns

bear + young

bear + fruit

bear + flowers

Usage Note

Mostly seen in formal, literary, biological, or farming contexts. For human birth, everyday speech usually prefers 'have a baby'; for plants, 'bear fruit' and 'bear flowers' are the most usual patterns.

Common Mistakes

The tree gave birth to apples in June.
The tree bore apples in June.
Use 'bear' for fruit or flowers on plants, not 'give birth'.

7. to take a person, thing, or message with you as you move it to another place.

7.verbtransitive
Definition

to take a person, thing, or message with you as you move it to another place.

Example

Nina bore the sleeping baby upstairs after the party ended.

bear + object + place

A young waiter bore our trays across the crowded dining room.

Common collocations
  • bear a message
  • bear supplies
  • bear a body
  • bear a load
Synonyms
  • carry

    the usual everyday word

  • take

    stresses moving something to another place

  • transport

    more formal and often used for larger loads

Grammar Patterns

bear + object + place

Usage Note

Common in literary or historical writing, often with an object plus a destination. In everyday speech, people usually say 'carry' or 'take' instead.

Common Mistakes

Please bear this box to the kitchen.
Please carry this box to the kitchen.
this sense of 'bear' sounds too formal in an ordinary request.

8. to turn a little and continue moving toward a particular side or direction.

8.verbintransitiveC1
Definition

to turn a little and continue moving toward a particular side or direction.

Example

At the fork, drivers bear left toward the old stone bridge.

bear left/right

The path bears east after the lake and climbs the hill.

bear + compass direction

Common collocations
  • bear left
  • bear right
  • bear north
  • bear south
Synonyms
  • turn

    the normal everyday word

  • head

    stresses moving in a direction, often with 'for' or 'toward'

  • veer

    suggests a more noticeable change of direction

Grammar Patterns

bear left/right

bear + compass direction

Usage Note

Usually appears with 'left', 'right', or a compass direction, and it does not take a direct object. Distinguish from sense 7, where something is physically carried.

Common Mistakes

Bear to left at the church.
Bear left at the church.
do not add 'to' before 'left' or 'right' in this pattern.

9. to say, based on what you directly saw or knew, that an event really took place

9.verbtransitive
Definition

to say, based on what you directly saw or knew, that an event really took place or a fact is correct.

Example

Village doctor Mei can bear witness to the flood's damage.

bear witness to + noun

Three nurses bore witness that the patient was breathing at noon.

bear witness + that-clause

Common collocations
  • bear witness
  • bear witness to a fact
  • bear witness that ...
Synonyms
  • testify

    the closest modern verb, especially in legal settings

  • confirm

    broader and less formal

  • swear

    used when a statement is made formally under oath

Antonyms
  • deny

    say that something did not happen or is not true

Grammar Patterns

bear witness to + noun

bear witness + that-clause

Usage Note

Almost always appears with the noun 'witness', followed by 'to' plus a noun or by a that-clause. Distinguish from sense 10, where an object or sign proves something without speaking.

Common Mistakes

The broken window bore witness to the fight.
The broken window bore testimony to the fight.
'bear witness' in this sense usually involves a person speaking from experience.

10. to show that something is true because a sign, object, or condition points to it

10.verbtransitive
Definition

to show that something is true because a sign, object, or condition points to it.

Example

The cracked harbor walls bear testimony to years of salt wind.

bear testimony to + noun

The scar on his wrist bears witness to the factory fire.

bear witness to + noun for visible proof

Common collocations
  • bear testimony to
  • bear witness to
  • bear testimony that ...
Synonyms
Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

bear testimony to + noun

bear witness to + noun

bear testimony + that-clause

Usage Note

The subject is usually an object, record, mark, or visible condition. Distinguish from sense 9, where a person states what they know from direct experience.

Common Mistakes

My uncle bore testimony to the accident in court.
My uncle bore witness to the accident in court.
a person's statement fits sense 9; this sense is more often used for things that show proof.

11. to say what is untrue as a witness, especially in legal or religious language.

11.verbtransitive
Definition

to say what is untrue as a witness, especially in legal or religious language.

Example

In court, the driver bore false witness against his old boss.

fixed phrase: bear false witness against

The priest warned the boys never to bear false witness for money.

fixed phrase: bear false witness

Common collocations
  • bear false witness
  • bear false witness against someone
Synonyms
Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

bear false witness

bear false witness against + someone

Usage Note

Used almost only in the fixed phrase 'bear false witness', often in legal or biblical language. It is not the normal way to describe an everyday lie.

Common Mistakes

Leo bore false witness about missing the bus.
Leo lied about missing the bus.
use this fixed phrase only for formal accusations or sworn statements.
Phrasal verbs

bear down on

phrasal verb

To move quickly and forcefully toward someone or something.

The car bore down on the pedestrian, forcing him to jump aside.

A storm is bearing down on the coast, so residents should prepare.

bear on

phrasal verb

To be relevant or have an effect on something.

These new facts bear directly on the case.

How does your comment bear on the issue we are discussing?

bear out

phrasal verb

To show that something is true or that someone is correct.

The evidence bears out the witness's testimony.

Later events bore out his prediction of a market crash.

bear up

phrasal verb

To remain strong and not give up when facing difficulties.

She bore up well under the pressure of the final exams.

How is he bearing up after the loss of his job?

bear with

phrasal verb

To be patient with someone or something.

Please bear with me while I find the correct file.

Bear with the slow internet connection; it will improve soon.

Idioms

To serve as a soldier or to fight in a war.

Many young men were forced to bear arms during the conflict.

In some countries, citizens have the right to bear arms.

To produce a successful or desired result after effort.

Her hard work finally bore fruit when she got the promotion.

The team's new strategy began to bear fruit in the second quarter.

To receive the main force or impact of something unpleasant.

Small businesses bore the brunt of the economic downturn.

During the storm, the coastal town took the brunt of the damage.

To provide evidence or proof that something is true.

The empty streets bore witness to the city's decline.

Her diary gives witness to the hardships she endured.

To become gradually understood or realized by someone.

It was slowly borne in on him that he had made a mistake.

The truth was borne in on the team after the final results.

To use effort, pressure, or influence to achieve something.

The government brought pressure to bear on the company to comply.

She brought all her experience to bear on the difficult project.

To accept pain or difficulty without complaining.

The long wait was frustrating, but we just grinned and bore it.

When the dentist started drilling, I had to grin and bear it.

To have a difficult problem or responsibility that one must deal with.

Caring for her sick mother is a heavy cross to bear.

Everyone has their own cross to bear in life.

bear — noun

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

For verb sense 1, bear is a fairly neutral word for continuing while something painful, annoying, or difficult is happening. Endure is slightly stronger and often suggests lasting through something for a long time or with unusual courage. Tolerate often sounds more deliberate or more formal, and it can also mean allowing something even if you dislike it. Stand is especially common in negatives such as can't stand, often for strong dislike or irritation. Put up with is the most informal choice and usually suggests unwilling acceptance of an everyday annoyance rather than deep suffering. You bear the pain after surgery, endure months of cold weather, tolerate loud music in the office, and put up with a noisy neighbor.

Etymology

Proto-GermanicOld EnglishEnglish

Modern English bear brings together two old Germanic words. The animal noun comes from Old English bera, from a Germanic name probably linked to the idea of 'the brown one'. The verb comes from Old English beran, meaning 'carry, bring forth, endure'. Over time that verb spread into senses about carrying weight, accepting pain, producing young, and showing evidence.