birth

birth — noun

1. the moment a baby or newborn animal starts life outside its mother, or the proce

1.nounA2
Definition

the moment a baby or newborn animal starts life outside its mother, or the process around that moment

Example

At birth, the twins each weighed less than three kilograms.

pattern: at birth

The foal stood up an hour after birth and followed its mother.

pattern: after birth

Common collocations
  • at birth
  • from birth
  • after birth
  • difficult birth
  • emergency birth
Synonyms
  • childbirth

    used for the human process, not usually for animals

  • delivery

    often used in medical settings, especially for human babies

  • arrival

    a warmer, less exact word often used in family news

Grammar Patterns

at birth

from birth

after birth

during birth

Usage Note

Common in fixed patterns such as at birth, from birth, and after birth. Distinguish from sense 2, where birth names the baby or young animal itself rather than the event.

Common Mistakes

My son's birthday was very difficult.
My son's birth was very difficult.
birthday is the yearly date, not the event of coming into the world.

2. the first appearance of something new, such as an idea, movement, or nation

2.nounC1
Definition

the first appearance of something new, such as an idea, movement, or nation

Example

The small website marked the birth of a new music scene.

pattern: the birth of + noun

Many historians link the railway to the birth of the town.

Common collocations
  • the birth of a nation
  • the birth of an idea
  • the birth of a movement
  • give birth to a plan
Synonyms
  • beginning

    the broad everyday word for a start

  • start

    less formal and more general

  • rise

    suggests something growing stronger or more important

Antonyms
  • end

    the point when something finishes

Grammar Patterns

the birth of + noun

give birth to + idea

Usage Note

Usually followed by of when naming what begins. This abstract sense is about a new idea, system, group, or period coming into existence, not a person or animal entering the world.

Common Mistakes

The birth for the company changed the town.
The birth of the company changed the town.
this abstract sense usually takes of, not for.

3. a baby or young animal counted as the result of one birth

3.nounB2
Definition

a baby or young animal counted as the result of one birth

Example

The first birth was a girl with her father's dark hair.

countable use: birth = baby born

Both births were healthy boys, the nurse told the grandparents.

Common collocations
  • healthy birth
  • the first birth
  • both births
  • the smallest birth
Synonyms
  • newborn

    the usual everyday word for a baby just born

  • baby

    broader and much more common in normal conversation

  • offspring

    more formal and often used for animals or biology

Usage Note

Much less common than sense 1 and most often seen in medical, farming, or zoo reporting. Here birth names the newborn itself, not the event.

4. the social level or family background a person is born into

4.nounB2
Definition

the social level or family background a person is born into

Example

Although raised in comfort, Clara was not of noble birth.

pattern: of noble birth

In the old court, men of humble birth rarely became leaders.

pattern: of humble birth

Common collocations
  • of noble birth
  • of humble birth
  • high birth
  • low birth
Synonyms
  • lineage

    more formal and focused on the family line

  • background

    broader, since it can include education and experience as well

  • parentage

    focuses on who a person's parents are

Grammar Patterns

of noble birth

of humble birth

Usage Note

Often follows of in fixed phrases such as of noble birth and of humble birth. Distinguish from sense 4, which points to nationality or place of origin rather than class or rank.

5. the place or national group a person belongs to because of where they were born

5.nounB2
Definition

the place or national group a person belongs to because of where they were born or who their parents are

Example

Marco is Italian by birth but has lived in Taipei since childhood.

pattern: Italian by birth

By birth, Elena was Canadian, though her family later moved to Peru.

pattern: by birth, + clause

Common collocations
  • by birth
  • Italian by birth
  • Canadian by birth
  • citizen by birth
Synonyms
  • origin

    broader and not limited to nationality

  • nationality

    more exact when the point is legal or national identity

  • citizenship

    focuses on legal status and may change later

Grammar Patterns

Italian by birth

by birth, + clause

Usage Note

Most common in phrases like French by birth or by birth, Canadian. Distinguish from sense 3, which is about family rank and class, not nationality or birthplace identity.

Idioms

To bring a baby or young animal out of the mother's body.

Sara gave birth to twins at the hospital last night.

Did the cat give birth to her kittens in the closet?

birth — verb

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/1

For the main sense, birth is the broad word for the event or process of a baby or animal entering the world. Childbirth is narrower because it is used for humans, especially when talking about the mother's experience. Delivery is common in hospitals and medical talk, and it often sounds more clinical. Arrival is softer and warmer, so families may use it in cards or announcements, but it is less exact. A doctor may discuss a difficult delivery, while a family may celebrate the baby's arrival. If you are speaking generally or writing neutrally, birth is usually the safest choice.

Etymology

Proto-GermanicOld EnglishEnglish

Birth comes from Old English byrd, a word linked to the old verb beran, meaning "to carry" or "to bear". The noun first named the act or fact of being born, and later English extended it to ideas such as family origin and the start of something new.