whole

whole — adjective

1. Containing all its parts, with nothing taken away, divided, or missing — for exa

1.adjectiveA2
Definition

Containing all its parts, with nothing taken away, divided, or missing — for example, eating a whole cake, reading a whole book, or a whole family.

Example

Noa ate the whole cake by herself before anyone else could have a slice.

whole + noun for complete amount

Did you read the whole book or just the first two chapters?

Common collocations
  • whole cake
  • whole book
  • whole family
  • whole morning
  • whole world
Synonyms
  • entire

    Interchangeable in most contexts; 'entire' sounds slightly more formal.

  • complete

    Focuses on all necessary parts being present, while 'whole' emphasizes unity.

  • full

    Often used with time periods ('a full day') but less common with objects ('full cake' is unusual).

Antonyms
  • partial

    Referring to only part of something rather than the entire thing.

  • incomplete

    Missing some parts or elements.

Grammar Patterns

whole + noun

the + noun + is whole

Usage Note

Typically used with a determiner such as 'the', 'my', or 'a' before it. 'The whole cake' means all of one cake, while 'all the cake' could mean pieces from different cakes.

Common Mistakes

I ate whole pizza by myself.
I ate the whole pizza by myself.
When 'whole' means 'entire', it usually needs a determiner like 'the' or 'my' before it.

2. Used before a noun to stress that the amount, size, degree, or importance of som

2.adjectiveA2
Definition

Used before a noun to stress that the amount, size, degree, or importance of something is very large — for example, a whole lot of trouble, a whole month, or a whole new way of doing things.

Example

We had a whole lot of trouble finding a parking spot near the stadium.

a whole lot of + noun (large quantity)

Hugo spent a whole month travelling through Southeast Asia after graduation.

Common collocations
  • a whole lot of
  • a whole bunch of
  • a whole new
  • a whole list of
  • a whole month
Synonyms
  • complete

    Can overlap in phrases like 'a complete mess', but 'complete' lacks the informal emphatic tone of 'whole'.

  • total

    Often interchangeable ('a total disaster'), though 'total' can sound slightly more dramatic.

Grammar Patterns

a whole + [adjective] + noun

a whole lot of + noun

a whole + [number] + noun

Usage Note

Only used before a noun (attributive position). You cannot say '*The trouble was whole' in this sense. Common in informal and conversational English with phrases like 'a whole lot', 'a whole bunch', 'a whole new...'.

Common Mistakes

There were whole lots of people at the park.
There were a whole lot of people at the park.
'a whole lot' is a fixed expression; including the article 'a' is essential.

3. Physically healthy, not hurt, injured, or damaged — for example, walking away fr

3.adjectiveB1
Definition

Physically healthy, not hurt, injured, or damaged — for example, walking away from a crash unharmed and whole, or recovering from an illness to be whole again.

Example

After the car accident, Christopher walked away whole and completely unharmed.

predicative use: walked away + whole

Tara's doctors said it would take months, but she is whole again now.

Common collocations
  • emerge whole
  • walk away whole
  • come back whole
  • remain whole
  • safe and whole
Synonyms
  • unharmed

    Specifically means not physically hurt, often after a dangerous event.

  • uninjured

    Very close in meaning; 'uninjured' is more clinical, 'whole' more personal.

  • healed

    Focuses on recovery from a wound or illness rather than not being harmed.

Antonyms
  • injured

    Physically hurt or wounded.

  • hurt

    In pain or discomfort from an injury.

Grammar Patterns

be whole

come back whole

remain whole

emerge whole

Usage Note

Most common in predicative position after verbs like 'be', 'emerge', 'walk away', 'come back'. Attributive use ('a whole person') is rare and could be confused with the ENTIRE sense (adj/1).

Common Mistakes

He was whole after the surgery.' (ambiguous — could mean 'entire body' rather than 'healthy').
He made a full recovery and is whole again.
Add context to make the 'healthy' meaning clear.

4. Describes a brother or sister who shares both biological parents with another si

4.adjectiveB2
Definition

Describes a brother or sister who shares both biological parents with another sibling, as opposed to a half-sibling who shares only one parent.

Example

Hugo and his sister are whole siblings, not half-siblings from a previous marriage.

whole sibling contrasts with half-sibling

Yan adopted a child but also has three whole children of her own.

Common collocations
  • whole brother
  • whole sister
  • whole sibling
Synonyms
  • full sibling

    The more modern, formal alternative; 'full brother' and 'full sister' are more common than 'whole brother/sister'.

Antonyms
  • half-sibling

    A brother or sister who shares only one biological parent.

Grammar Patterns

whole + brother

whole + sister

whole + sibling

Usage Note

Almost always appears before a family-relation noun ('brother', 'sister', 'sibling'). Less common in everyday conversation; people often just say 'brother' and clarify 'same parents' if needed.

Common Mistakes

She is my whole sister.' (unnatural in everyday speech).
She is my full sister' or 'We have the same parents.
'Full sibling' is more common than 'whole sibling' in everyday English.
Idioms

Used to mean very much or a large amount.

After the medicine, I felt a whole lot better.

Does she like the gift a whole lot?

A large number or amount of something.

There were a whole lot of people at the concert.

He spent a whole lot of money on that car.

Every part or item of something; everything.

She ate the whole lot of cookies by herself.

Did you sell the whole lot of tickets?

A completely different thing or matter.

That problem is a whole 'nother issue entirely.

Learning to drive is a whole 'nother challenge.

whole — adverb

whole — noun

Word family

  • wholeness
    nounC1
  • wholly
    adverbB2
  • wholehearted
    adjectiveB2
  • wholeheartedly
    adverbC1
  • wholemeal
    adjectiveB1
  • wholewheat
    adjectiveB1

Synonym discussion

Sense: adjective/1

All four words can describe something with nothing missing, but they differ in emphasis. 'Whole' (A2) is the most general and concrete — it stresses unity and that nothing has been divided or removed: 'the whole cake', 'the whole family'. 'Entire' (B1) is nearly interchangeable but slightly more formal and emphatic about every part being included: 'the entire population'. 'Complete' (B1) focuses on all necessary parts being present — it often implies a set of expected components: 'a complete set of tools'. 'Total' (B1) is broader, often used for amounts, sums, or abstract scope: 'total cost', 'total darkness'. 'Full' (A2) emphasizes capacity or maximum extent — 'a full glass of water' or 'a full day of work'. For physical objects that are not divided, 'whole' and 'entire' are the best choices. For abstract concepts needing every component, 'complete' works better. For numerical sums, 'total' is preferred.

Common collocations

Adverbs

  • completely whole
  • almost whole
  • nearly whole
  • perfectly whole

Phrases

  • on the whole
  • as a whole
  • the whole of
  • the whole thing

Prepositions

  • on the whole
  • as a whole
  • in the whole of

Etymology

Proto-Indo-EuropeanProto-GermanicOld EnglishMiddle EnglishEnglish

The word comes from Old English 'hāl', meaning 'entire, uninjured, healthy'. It is related to 'hale' (as in 'hale and hearty') and 'health', which originally meant 'soundness of body'. The word goes back to Proto-Germanic '*hailaz' (whole, sound) and further to the Proto-Indo-European root '*kailo-' meaning 'whole, uninjured, of good omen'. Over time, the spelling changed from 'hal' to 'whole' (with the 'w' from the Old English 'wh-' spelling influence), and the meaning expanded from 'healthy' to 'entire' and 'complete'. The sense of being 'healthy' (adj/3) is actually the oldest meaning, while the 'entire' sense (adj/1) gradually became the more common one.