sweat

sweat — noun

1. the salty fluid that your body's glands produce and push out through the skin wh

1.nounA2
Definition

the salty fluid that your body's glands produce and push out through the skin whenever you get too warm, exercise hard, or feel scared or anxious

Example

Aoi wiped the sweat from her forehead after running five kilometres in the park.

wipe sweat from forehead — common action collocation

The players were covered in sweat after the match in the summer heat.

covered in sweat — result of intense physical activity

Common collocations
  • beads of sweat
  • cold sweat
  • dripping with sweat
  • soaked in sweat
  • break into a sweat
  • wipe off sweat
  • work up a sweat
Synonyms
  • perspiration

    more formal or medical term for sweat

  • moisture

    broader term; sweat is a specific type of moisture on the skin

Grammar Patterns

be covered in sweat

be dripping with sweat

break into a sweat

Usage Note

Uncountable in this literal sense. Specific phrases include 'beads of sweat' (small drops), 'cold sweat' (sweat from fear or illness), and 'working up a sweat' (becoming sweaty through effort).

Common Mistakes

I have many sweats.' (countable misuse)
I am covered in sweat.
literal perspiration is uncountable.
Sweat water is salty.
Sweat is salty.
'sweat' already refers to the liquid; adding 'water' is redundant.

2. a set of loose, comfortable clothes made of thick cotton cloth, consisting of a

2.nounB1
Definition

a set of loose, comfortable clothes made of thick cotton cloth, consisting of a sweatshirt and matching trousers, worn for exercise or as casual everyday wear

Example

Tunde put on his sweats and went for a quick jog around the block.

put on sweats — getting dressed for exercise

Wren wore her grey sweats to the library because she had no classes that day.

Common collocations
  • wear sweats
  • put on sweats
  • change into sweats
  • a pair of sweats
  • grey sweats
  • fleece sweats
Synonyms
  • sweatsuit

    more formal; refers specifically to the matching top and trousers set

  • track suit

    similar style but usually made of lighter, shiny material

Grammar Patterns

sweats as subject/object

a pair of sweats

Usage Note

Almost always used in the plural form 'sweats' when referring to the clothing set. 'Sweatsuit' is a more formal alternative. 'Sweatpants' refers only to the trousers, while 'sweatshirt' only to the top. 'Sweats' can mean either the full suit or just the trousers depending on context.

Common Mistakes

I bought a sweat.
I bought some sweats.' or 'I bought a sweatsuit.
use the plural 'sweats' for the clothing.

3. sustained effort using either your body or your mind that you invest in a task,

3.nounB1
Definition

sustained effort using either your body or your mind that you invest in a task, especially when the work is demanding but essential for reaching a goal

Example

Years of sweat and hard work went into building the family business from scratch.

sweat and hard work — fixed phrase for dedicated effort

Imani put in a lot of sweat to finish the renovation before the winter came.

Common collocations
  • blood, sweat and tears
  • sweat and toil
  • sweat of one's brow
  • years of sweat
  • put in sweat
Synonyms
  • effort

    more general; 'sweat' implies physical or strenuous effort

  • labour

    more formal; often refers to physical work over time

  • toil

    literary; suggests long, hard, exhausting work

Antonyms
  • leisure

    free time for relaxation, opposite of sustained effort

  • ease

    lack of difficulty or effort

Grammar Patterns

sweat + and + toil/effort

the sweat of [doing something]

Usage Note

Uncountable. Often appears in fixed expressions such as 'blood, sweat, and tears' and 'the sweat of one's brow'. The phrase 'no sweat' (meaning 'no problem') is a separate idiom listed below.

Common Mistakes

I put many sweats into this.
I put a lot of sweat into this.
effort-related 'sweat' is uncountable.
He achieved it by sweats.
He achieved it by sweat.
do not use the plural for effort.

4. small drops of water that form on a cool surface when warm, moist air touches it

4.nounB2
Definition

small drops of water that form on a cool surface when warm, moist air touches it and cools down

Example

Beads of sweat appeared on the cold glass of lemonade on the hot afternoon.

beads of sweat + on + cold surface — pattern for condensation

The pipes in the basement were covered in sweat because of the humidity.

covered in sweat — condensation on non-biological surfaces

Common collocations
  • beads of sweat
  • covered in sweat
  • wipe off sweat
  • sweat on pipes
  • sweat on glass
Synonyms
  • condensation

    the technical term; preferred in scientific or formal writing

  • moisture

    broader term; any small amount of liquid on a surface

Grammar Patterns

beads of sweat + on + surface

sweat + forms/appears

Usage Note

This sense describes moisture forming on inanimate objects, not on living skin. Distinguish from noun/1 (perspiration), which refers to human sweat. The word 'condensation' is the technical term, but 'sweat' is common in everyday speech for objects.

Common Mistakes

The cold bottle has human sweat on it.' — confusing condensation with perspiration.
The cold bottle has sweat on it.
for objects, 'sweat' means condensation.

5. a state of worry, nervousness, or stress, especially when someone feels under pr

5.nounB2
Definition

a state of worry, nervousness, or stress, especially when someone feels under pressure or is anxious about something that might happen

Example

Dario was in a sweat about his presentation the night before the big meeting.

in a sweat about — fixed phrase for worried state

Tamar got into a sweat over booking the flights for the family holiday.

Common collocations
  • in a sweat about
  • get into a sweat over
  • no need to get in a sweat
Synonyms
  • worry

    more neutral in register; 'sweat' (noun sense 5) is more informal and vivid

  • panic

    stronger; suggests a sudden, overwhelming fear rather than ongoing worry

  • dither

    British; implies being unable to decide because of anxiety

Antonyms
  • calm

    a state free from stress or worry

  • ease

    comfortable relaxation without concern

Grammar Patterns

in a sweat about/over + noun

get into a sweat about/over + noun

Usage Note

Almost always appears in the fixed phrases 'in a sweat' or 'get into a sweat'. The object of worry is introduced by 'about' or 'over'. This sense is informal and used mainly in spoken English.

Common Mistakes

I have a sweat about the exam.
I am in a sweat about the exam.
the correct pattern is 'in a sweat about'.

❌ 'She sweats about the exam.' (verb sense — correct but different meaning) — noun sense 5 requires 'in a sweat'.

Idioms

To feel worried or nervous about something.

Maya got in a sweat about her job interview last week.

Don't be in a sweat about the exam; you studied hard.

A lot of hard work and effort put into something.

Building this house required blood, sweat and tears from everyone.

The project succeeded only after months of blood, sweat and tears.

To use a lot of physical effort, often in sports or exercise.

Diego won the match without even breaking sweat.

She broke sweat during the intense training session yesterday.

Used to say that something is easy or not a problem.

Can you fix my bike? Sure, no sweat!

He finished the test in ten minutes, no sweat at all.

sweat — verb

Word family

  • sweaty
    adjectiveA2
  • sweater
    nounB1
  • sweatshirt
    nounB1
  • sweatpants
    nounB1
  • sweatsuit
    nounB2
  • sweatband
    nounB2
  • sweatshop
    nounC1
  • perspire
    verbB2

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/3

'Sweat', 'effort', 'labour', 'toil', and 'drudgery' all describe the use of energy to get something done, but they differ in intensity, formality, and emotional weight. 'Effort' is the broadest and most neutral term — it covers both physical and mental exertion of any degree, as in 'It took a lot of effort to finish the puzzle.' 'Sweat' (noun sense 3) is more vivid and informal, often implying sustained physical or mental work that costs the person something, as in 'Years of sweat went into building that house.' 'Labour' is more formal and typically refers to physical work, especially in economic or political contexts — 'the cost of labour' or 'manual labour'. 'Toil' is literary and suggests long, exhausting, often unrewarding work — 'a life of toil in the fields.' 'Drudgery' has a strongly negative connotation, meaning boring, repetitive, thankless work — 'the drudgery of data entry.' For everyday language, 'effort' is safe in any register; 'sweat' adds emotional colour; 'toil' and 'drudgery' are best reserved for dramatic or critical contexts.

Common collocations

Phrases

Etymology

Proto-Indo-EuropeanProto-GermanicOld EnglishMiddle EnglishEnglish

The word 'sweat' comes from Old English 'swǣtan', which is related to 'swāt' (meaning sweat or perspiration). It traces back to Proto-Germanic '*swait-', from the Proto-Indo-European root '*swoid-' or '*sweid-' meaning 'to sweat' or 'to exude moisture'. This same ancient root gave rise to Latin 'sūdāre' (to sweat), from which we get English 'exude' and 'sudorific' (a substance that induces sweating). The figurative senses — hard work and worry — developed in Middle English, reflecting the cultural link between physical sweat, labour, and mental strain.