spit

spit — verb

1. to send saliva, food pieces, or liquid from between your lips with a short, forc

1.verbtransitive / intransitiveB1
Definition

to send saliva, food pieces, or liquid from between your lips with a short, forceful action, usually because the taste is bad or to show you disapprove of something.

Example

Esteban spat out the piece of bone he had found in his soup.

spit out [object] from mouth

The old bus driver spat into a handkerchief and put it back in his pocket.

Common collocations
  • spit out
  • spit into
  • spit on
  • spit up
Synonyms
  • expectorate

    formal medical term; almost never used in everyday conversation

  • dribble

    describes liquid falling slowly from the mouth, not a forceful ejection

  • hawk

    British informal; means to clear the throat noisily before spitting

Antonyms
  • swallow

    to take liquid or food into the stomach through the throat

Grammar Patterns

spit + adverb/preposition

spit + [object] + out

Usage Note

Object can be saliva, food, liquid, or small objects like seeds or pills. Often used with 'out' when specifying the thing being expelled from the mouth.

Common Mistakes

He spitted the food out.
He spat the food out.
The past tense of this sense is 'spat' (also 'spit' in American English), never 'spitted.'
The baby spits.' (meaning food)
The baby spits out its food.
When the object is food, 'out' is usually needed to avoid sounding like the baby is producing saliva.

2. to say words in a quick, angry, and forceful way, showing that you are furious o

2.verbtransitive / intransitiveB2
Definition

to say words in a quick, angry, and forceful way, showing that you are furious or offended.

Example

'You are lying!' Layla spat at the committee members across the table.

spit + direct quote + at [person]

Jiwoo spat insults at the referee and was sent off the field immediately.

spit + [angry words] + at [person]

Common collocations
  • spit at
  • spit insults
  • spit curses
  • spit venom
Synonyms
  • snap

    means to say something in an irritated, sharp way, but with less force than 'spit'

  • hiss

    suggests a quieter but intensely angry way of speaking through clenched teeth

  • sputter

    describes angry, confused speech with short, disconnected sounds

Grammar Patterns

spit + quote

spit + [words] + at + [person]

spit at + [person]

Usage Note

Usually followed by a direct quotation or by 'at' / 'to' for the recipient. The speaker's anger or contempt must be clear from context — this sense is not used for neutral or polite speech.

Common Mistakes

She spat the bad news.
She spat out the bad news angrily.
'Spit' in this sense needs a direct quotation or a phrase like 'spit out words'; it cannot take abstract news as a direct object.

3. (of something hot, like a fire or cooking oil) to make short, sharp cracking or

3.verbintransitiveB2
Definition

(of something hot, like a fire or cooking oil) to make short, sharp cracking or hissing sounds while sending out small hot pieces or drops of liquid.

Example

The campfire spat sparks into the dark sky above the tall pine trees.

collocation: fire spits sparks

Hot oil from the frying pan spat onto the wall and left greasy marks.

Common collocations
  • spit sparks
  • spit fat
  • spit and crackle
Synonyms
  • sputter

    more common and general; includes any spitting or popping sounds from fire or machines

  • crackle

    describes the sound of dry wood burning without the image of flying particles

  • sizzle

    describes the sound of something frying or burning with moisture, without the explosive pops

Grammar Patterns

[hot thing] + spits

spit + [adverb of direction]

Usage Note

Often used in continuous form ('the oil was spitting'). The subject is typically a wood fire, hot cooking fat, a candle, or a sparking electrical wire.

Common Mistakes

The fire spitted hot sparks.
The fire spat hot sparks.
The sputter sense uses 'spat' (or 'spit' in US English), not 'spitted.'

4. (of rain) to fall in very small, scattered drops, so that it feels more like a l

4.verbintransitiveB2
Definition

(of rain) to fall in very small, scattered drops, so that it feels more like a light mist than real rain.

Example

It was only spitting, so Hoa decided to walk without an umbrella.

it is spitting (impersonal)

The weather report said it would just spit for an hour or two.

Common collocations
  • it is spitting
  • spit with rain
Synonyms
  • drizzle

    more standard and widely used across all varieties of English; describes light, steady rain

  • mizzle

    British dialect term for a very fine, misty rain

Grammar Patterns

it is spitting

Usage Note

Chiefly British English. Always used in the continuous or simple form with 'it' as the subject: 'it's spitting' or 'it spat a little.' Not used with a direct object — you cannot say 'it spits rain.'

Common Mistakes

It spits rain outside.
It is spitting outside.
This sense does not take 'rain' as a direct object; the rain is already implied in the verb itself.

5. to push a thin, pointed metal or wooden rod through food so that it can be held

5.verbtransitiveC1
Definition

to push a thin, pointed metal or wooden rod through food so that it can be held over a fire and cooked evenly.

Example

The chef spitted the whole chicken and placed it over the hot coals.

transitive: spit + [food]

Devika spitted chunks of lamb onto the metal rod for roasting slowly.

Common collocations
  • spit the meat
  • spitted on a rod
  • spit and roast
Synonyms
  • skewer

    more common in modern cooking; often used for smaller pieces of food on smaller rods

  • impale

    more dramatic and violent; not used for cooking

  • thread

    means to put pieces of food onto a thin rod but not necessarily for roasting over a fire

Grammar Patterns

spit + [food] + on [rod]

be spitted + on [rod]

Usage Note

Primarily used in cooking and grilling contexts. More common in recipes and historical texts than in everyday speech. The past tense is 'spitted' — this is the ONLY sense where 'spitted' is correct, which helps distinguish it from other senses.

Common Mistakes

He spitted the food out.' (for removing from mouth)
He spat the food out.
'Spitted' only belongs to the roasting sense; do not use it for any other meaning.
Phrasal verbs

spit it out

phrasal verb

used as an impatient order for someone to say what they are thinking or are reluctant to say.

'Come on, spit it out!' said Esteban when his sister kept hesitating over the news.

The teacher told the shy boy to spit it out instead of whispering to himself.

spit up

phrasal verb

To vomit or bring up food from the stomach, especially for babies.

The baby spit up milk right after feeding.

Aiden spit up his lunch because he ate too fast.

Idioms

to speak with extreme anger and hatred, as if every word is meant to hurt someone.

During the argument, Lukas was spitting venom at his former business partner.

The article spits blood at every politician it mentions, leaving no room for fairness.

extremely close to something, especially a place or location.

The hotel was within spitting distance of the beach, so we walked there every morning.

The two rival shops sat within spitting distance of each other on the same street.

Used to tell someone to say something they are afraid or unwilling to say.

Come on, Min, just spit it out—what happened last night?

If you have a problem, spit it out instead of staying silent.

To show extreme anger or speak in a very angry way.

Maya spat venom at the driver who nearly hit her dog.

During the argument, Diego spat blood and slammed the door.

spit — noun

Word family

  • spitter
    nounC1
  • spitting
    adjectiveB2
  • spat
    verbB1

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

'Expectorate' is the formal, clinical term for forcing mucus or phlegm out of the mouth and is almost never used outside a doctor's office or a lab. 'Hawk' (informal British English) means to clear the throat noisily and spit — it emphasises the sound before the action more than the spitting itself. 'Dribble' and 'drool' both describe liquid escaping the mouth passively rather than being forced out: babies drool when teething, tired commuters may dribble coffee down their chins. Neither word involves the deliberate, muscular push that 'spit' describes. In everyday use, if you expectorate into a cup in a clinic, you are spitting. If you hawk loudly on the street, you are spitting. If saliva runs down your chin while you sleep, you are drooling — not spitting.

expectoratehawkdribbledrool

Common collocations

Nouns

Adverbs

  • angrily
  • contemptuously
  • forcefully
  • viciously

Phrases

Prepositions

Etymology

Old EnglishGermanicEnglish

The word 'spit' comes from Old English 'spittan,' part of a family of sound-imitative words across Germanic languages. The sound of a forceful puff of air through the lips is naturally represented by the 'sp-' sound, which is why similar words appear in many languages: German 'spucken,' Dutch 'spuwen,' Latin 'spuere,' and Greek 'ptyein.' The cooking sense (the roasting rod) comes from a different Old English word 'spitu,' which also appears in German 'Spieß' and Dutch 'spit.' These two meanings of 'spit' are historically unrelated — they happened to sound and look alike as both languages evolved into modern English.