feed

feed — verb

1. to make food available for a person or creature to eat, usually by putting it wh

1.verbtransitiveA2
Definition

to make food available for a person or creature to eat, usually by putting it where they can reach it.

Example

Manuela feeds her cat twice a day, in the morning and the evening.

feed + pet + frequency pattern

The nurse had to feed the elderly patient who could not use his hands.

Common collocations
  • feed the baby
  • feed the dog/cat
  • feed the family
  • feed the children
  • feed by hand
Synonyms
  • nourish

    more formal; focuses on providing nutrients for growth or health

  • provide for

    broader; can include non-food needs such as shelter or care

Antonyms
  • starve

    to give no food to a person or animal

Grammar Patterns

feed + person/animal

Usage Note

The direct object is the person or animal receiving food, not the food itself. Compare with 'eat' where the subject consumes food on its own.

Common Mistakes

I fed the chicken for dinner' (meaning I ate chicken)
I fed the chicken some grains
'feed' means giving food to someone, not eating the food yourself.

2. when a young child or creature drinks milk or takes in food through its mouth, e

2.verbintransitiveA2
Definition

when a young child or creature drinks milk or takes in food through its mouth, especially from its mother or a bottle.

Example

The newborn baby feeds every three hours throughout the day and night.

intransitive: subject is baby, pattern is feed + time interval

Linh's puppy fed hungrily from its mother for several minutes.

Common collocations
  • feed on milk
  • feed every few hours
  • feed hungrily
  • feed from the bottle
  • feed at night
Synonyms
  • suckle

    specifically for drinking milk from a mother's breast or teat; less common in everyday speech

  • nurse

    used for human babies taking milk from the mother

Grammar Patterns

feed (on) + milk/food

Usage Note

Intransitive only — the subject is the baby or animal taking in food. Do not use a direct object for the food itself. Distinguish from sense 1 where the subject gives food to another.

Common Mistakes

The baby fed the milk
The baby fed' or 'The baby fed on the milk
in this sense, do not put the food as a direct object.

3. to be sufficient in amount to supply meals for a certain set of individuals or c

3.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to be sufficient in amount to supply meals for a certain set of individuals or creatures.

Example

This large pot of soup can feed a family of six for the whole week.

feed + quantity + people: capacity pattern with 'can'

The rice and beans will feed the workers for at least a month.

Common collocations
  • feed a crowd
  • feed a family of [number]
  • feed [number] people
  • feed [group] for [time period]
Synonyms
  • sustain

    more formal; includes keeping someone alive over time, not just satisfying hunger in one meal

Grammar Patterns

feed + number/count of people or animals

Usage Note

The subject is the food itself, not a person. Often paired with 'can' or 'will' to talk about capacity or sufficiency.

Common Mistakes

The family fed the soup' (meaning the soup was enough)
The soup fed the family
in this sense, the food is the subject, not the object.

4. to raise or provide sufficient nourishment so that a person, household, or commu

4.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to raise or provide sufficient nourishment so that a person, household, or community does not go hungry over time.

Example

The small family farm feeds the entire village with vegetables and fresh milk.

subject is source, pattern: [source] + feed + [group] + with + [produce]

This region's rice paddies feed millions of people every single year.

Common collocations
  • feed the world
  • feed the population
  • feed the nation
  • feed a community
  • feed a growing city
Synonyms
  • support

    broader meaning; can include providing money, housing, or other necessities beyond food

Grammar Patterns

feed + group/population

Usage Note

The subject is a source of food — a farm, region, ocean, or system. Often used in discussions of agriculture, sustainability, and population size. Distinguish from sense 3 (single meal sufficiency) where the focus is on one dish or batch being enough for one occasion.

Common Mistakes

The country feeds on its people
The country feeds its people
'feed on' means something different (sense 2, intransitive). In sense 4, the subject produces the food.

5. to add nutrients or fertilizer to a plant so that it grows well and stays health

5.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to add nutrients or fertilizer to a plant so that it grows well and stays healthy.

Example

Élise feeds her roses with liquid fertilizer once a month in spring.

feed + [plant] + with + [substance]: standard pattern

You should feed tomato plants every two weeks to get a good harvest.

Common collocations
  • feed plants
  • feed with fertilizer
  • feed roses
  • feed tomato plants
  • feed orchids
  • feed houseplants
Synonyms
  • fertilize

    more technical; focuses on adding chemical or organic nutrients to support plant growth

Grammar Patterns

feed + plant + with + substance

Usage Note

The object must be the plant, not the soil. Use 'with' to introduce the substance applied. Over-feeding can harm plants — this is a common warning in gardening advice.

Common Mistakes

I fed the soil
I fed the plants' or 'I fed the plants with fertilizer
the object is the plant, not the growing medium.

6. to put or supply something, such as information, material, or energy, into a mac

6.verbtransitive / intransitiveB2
Definition

to put or supply something, such as information, material, or energy, into a machine, system, or process in a steady or repeated way.

Example

Eri fed the documents into the scanner one page at a time.

feed + [item] + into + [machine]: standard pattern

The sales data is fed directly into the company's main computer system.

passive: be fed + into + system

Common collocations
  • feed into
  • feed data
  • feed information
  • feed paper
  • feed back
  • feed through
Synonyms
  • supply

    broader; does not suggest continuous or repeated action like 'feed' does

  • input

    used primarily in computing and technology contexts

Grammar Patterns

feed + material + into + machine/system

be fed + into + machine/system

Usage Note

Frequently used in the passive ('is fed into'). The preposition 'into' marks the destination — a machine, system, or process. 'Feed back' means sending return information to a central point.

Common Mistakes

I feed the machine the paper
I feed the paper into the machine
the pattern is feed + item + into + machine, not feed + machine + item.

7. to add wood, coal, or other burnable material to a fire, stove, or furnace so th

7.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to add wood, coal, or other burnable material to a fire, stove, or furnace so that it keeps burning in a steady way

Example

Apinya fed the campfire with dry branches until the flames grew tall.

feed + [fire] + with + [fuel]

The old iron stove in the cabin needs to be fed every hour in winter.

passive: be fed + [frequency]

Common collocations
  • feed the fire / stove / furnace
  • feed [wood/coal/logs] into the fire
  • feed the fire with [branches/newspapers/kindling]
  • be fed every [hour/day]
Synonyms
  • stoke

    more active, involves stirring or poking the fire as well as adding fuel

  • fuel

    broader — can apply to engines or abstract forces, not just open fires

  • supply

    more general; lacks the specific image of keeping a flame alive

Antonyms
  • extinguish

    to stop a fire from burning, opposite of keeping it going

  • douse

    to pour water over a fire, directly opposite of feeding it

Grammar Patterns

feed + [fire/stove/furnace] + with + [fuel]

feed + [fuel] + into/to + [fire/stove/furnace]

Usage Note

Common with fire, fireplace, stove, furnace, and campfire. The object is the container or the fire itself — not the fuel (you feed the fire with wood, not feed the wood).

Common Mistakes

She fed wood to make the fire burn.
She fed the fire with more wood to keep it burning.
the direct object should be the fire or stove, not the fuel.
He fed the coal.' (when meaning he added coal to a fire)
He fed the furnace with coal.
specify what receives the fuel.

8. in basketball, soccer, and ice hockey, to move the ball or puck towards a teamma

8.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

in basketball, soccer, and ice hockey, to move the ball or puck towards a teammate so that the teammate can try to score

Example

Nala fed the basketball to Élise under the net, and Élise scored easily.

feed + [ball] + to + [teammate]

The midfielder fed the ball through a narrow gap in the defence.

Common collocations
  • feed the ball / puck
  • feed [someone] with a pass
  • feed it through / across
  • feed a perfect pass
Synonyms
  • pass

    neutral term for sending the ball to a teammate; feed implies the pass is aimed at creating a scoring chance

  • assist

    used as a verb in sports statistics; feed is more about the action than the stat

  • set up

    phrasal verb, describes creating the opportunity for a teammate to score

Antonyms
  • intercept

    when an opponent catches the ball meant for a teammate

Grammar Patterns

feed + [ball/puck] + to + [teammate]

feed + [teammate] + [ball/puck]

Usage Note

Used mainly for passes that directly set up a scoring chance. In British English the term is more common in soccer commentary; in North American English it appears in basketball and ice hockey.

Common Mistakes

He fed the ball to the goalkeeper.
He fed the ball to the striker near the goal.
feed implies the pass leads to a scoring attempt, not a routine pass to any teammate.

9. to provide something that keeps a desire, habit, emotion, or need going — someti

9.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to provide something that keeps a desire, habit, emotion, or need going — sometimes by satisfying it, sometimes by making it grow stronger

Example

Jabari's constant trips to the casino fed his gambling addiction instead of curing it.

feed + addiction (negative habit)

Every time Camille received a compliment, it fed her need for approval even more.

feed + need for [something]

Common collocations
  • feed a desire / need / habit / addiction
  • feed [someone's] curiosity / ego / imagination
  • feed on [attention / approval]
  • feed the [rumour / speculation / crisis]
Synonyms
  • fuel

    very similar, but fuel often suggests making something stronger (especially a negative emotion); feed can also mean satisfy

  • gratify

    formal; focuses on satisfying a desire, not on keeping it going

  • sustain

    more neutral and formal; suggests maintaining something at its current level

  • encourage

    broader — can apply to people or behaviours, not just internal desires

Antonyms
  • curb

    to restrain or keep a desire in check

  • suppress

    to stop a desire from being expressed or felt

  • starve

    to deprive something of what it needs, opposite of feeding a desire/habit

Grammar Patterns

feed + [desire/need/habit/addiction/curiosity]

feed + [someone/something] + with + [information/attention]

Usage Note

Can have a neutral or negative tone. When describing habits or addictions, feed often implies worsening the condition. With basic needs (hunger, curiosity) it is neutral.

Common Mistakes

The meal fed his stomach.
A small snack can feed your hunger until dinner.
feed in this sense targets the need/habit, not the body part.
Reading feeds his mind.' (vague)
Reading science fiction feeds his curiosity about space travel.
be specific about what desire is being fed.
Phrasal verbs

feed back

phrasal verb

To return information or results to someone so they can use or improve something.

Please feed back your comments by Friday.

The system feeds back data to the control room.

feed into

phrasal verb

To contribute to or influence a larger process or situation.

Her research feeds into the company's new strategy.

These small changes feed into a bigger transformation.

feed off

phrasal verb

To use something as a source of energy, support, or inspiration.

The plants feed off the nutrients in the soil.

The team feeds off the crowd's energy during games.

feed on

phrasal verb

To eat a particular type of food, especially for animals or insects.

Caterpillars feed on the leaves of the plant.

The vampire bat feeds on blood from sleeping animals.

feed through

phrasal verb

To pass information or data through a system or process.

The results feed through to the main database.

Changes in policy feed through to all departments.

feed up

phrasal verb

To give someone a lot of food to make them stronger or healthier.

The nurse fed up the patient after his surgery.

We need to feed up the puppies so they grow strong.

Idioms

To hurt or be ungrateful to someone who has helped or supported you.

Maya criticized her mentor, biting the hand that feeds her.

If you sue your employer, you're biting the hand that feeds you.

To eat a large amount of food, often greedily or too much.

After the hike, Diego sat down to feed his face.

Stop feeding your face and save some for later.

feed — noun

Word family

  • feeds
    verbA2
  • fed
    verbA2
  • feeding
    nounB1
  • feeder
    nounB2
  • feedback
    nounB2
  • overfeed
    verbB2
  • underfeed
    verbC1

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

Feed is the everyday word for giving food to a person, animal, or plant: 'She feeds her cats twice a day.' Nourish is more formal and focuses on providing the nutrients needed for healthy growth and development — often used for ideas or the soul in addition to the body: 'A balanced diet nourishes both body and mind.' Supply is broader and does not specifically involve food; it can refer to providing anything needed: 'The generator supplies electricity to the building.' Use feed when the direct object is a living thing receiving food, nourish for a formal or holistic sense of caring through food, and supply when the thing provided is not necessarily food.

Common collocations

Etymology

Old EnglishEnglish

Feed comes from Old English fēdan, which is related to the word food (Old English fōda). The core meaning of giving food to someone has been in use for well over a thousand years. The newer abstract and technical senses—such as feeding data into a machine or scrolling a news feed—developed during the industrial and digital eras.