bolt

bolt — noun

1. a sliding bar fitted within a door, gate, or window frame to hold it closed.

1.nounB2
Definition

a sliding bar fitted within a door, gate, or window frame to hold it closed.

Example

The back gate's bolt jammed after three days of heavy rain.

gate/door bolt

Priya slid the bolt quietly before opening the upstairs window.

slide the bolt

Common collocations
  • slide the bolt
  • draw the bolt
  • door bolt
  • window bolt
Synonyms
  • bar

    general word for a metal or wooden fastening piece.

  • latch

    usually a smaller catch rather than a heavy sliding bar.

  • deadbolt

    a specific lock type operated by a key or thumb turn.

Antonyms
  • opening

    the unfastened state, with no bar holding the door shut.

Grammar Patterns

slide the bolt

door bolt

window bolt

Usage Note

Usually refers to a simple sliding bar rather than the whole lock. Common with doors, gates, shutters, and some windows.

Common Mistakes

The lock fell off, and only the bolt stayed on the door.
The door bolt fell off, and the lock still worked with the key.
A bolt is one fastening part, not the whole lock.

2. a thick metal pin with threads at one end, tightened with a nut so that parts st

2.nounB2
Definition

a thick metal pin with threads at one end, tightened with a nut so that parts stay firmly joined.

Example

The mechanic replaced a rusty bolt under the truck's left wheel.

remove/replace a bolt

One missing bolt made the garden chair wobble on the patio.

Common collocations
  • tighten a bolt
  • loose bolt
  • bolt and nut
  • remove a bolt
Synonyms
  • fastener

    broad term for any device used to join parts.

  • pin

    may be smooth and not threaded like a bolt.

  • screw

    similar job, but a screw usually has a point or cuts into material.

Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

tighten a bolt

remove a bolt

bolt and nut

Usage Note

Often paired with nut in engineering and repair talk. Distinguish from a screw, which usually turns directly into the material.

Common Mistakes

Use one screw and a nut to hold the bike seat.
Use one bolt and a nut to hold the bike seat.
Bolts are the fasteners normally matched with nuts.

3. a line of lightning that cuts across the sky for a moment during a storm.

3.nounB2
Definition

a line of lightning that cuts across the sky for a moment during a storm.

Example

A bright bolt split the clouds above the football field.

a bolt split the clouds

We counted seconds after each bolt during the summer storm.

after each bolt

Common collocations
  • a bolt of lightning
  • bright bolt
  • see a bolt
  • bolt hit a tree
Synonyms
  • flash

    general and can describe any sudden light.

  • stroke

    more technical in weather reports.

  • fork

    used when the lightning branches into several lines.

Antonyms
  • darkness

    the sky without a sudden flash of light.

Grammar Patterns

a bolt of lightning

one bolt hit

see a bolt

Usage Note

Usually appears in the phrase 'a bolt of lightning'. It names one striking flash, not the whole storm.

Common Mistakes

A lightning came down behind the school.
A bolt of lightning came down behind the school.
Use 'lightning' as the general phenomenon and 'bolt' for one clear flash.

4. one long wrapped piece of material, such as cloth or wallpaper, sold before it i

4.nounC2
Definition

one long wrapped piece of material, such as cloth or wallpaper, sold before it is cut.

Example

The shopkeeper cut two meters from a blue bolt of cotton.

bolt of cloth

A dusty bolt of wallpaper leaned behind the paint counter.

bolt of wallpaper

Common collocations
  • bolt of cloth
  • bolt of cotton
  • bolt of wallpaper
  • cut from a bolt
Synonyms
  • roll

    the everyday word; 'bolt' is more trade-specific.

  • length

    can mean any measured piece, not necessarily a whole roll.

  • piece

    common in fabric sales, but less specific about shape.

Antonyms
  • offcut

    a smaller piece already cut away from the main roll.

Grammar Patterns

bolt of cloth

bolt of wallpaper

cut from a bolt

Usage Note

Mostly used in sewing, fabric, and decorating contexts. The material is still in one uncut roll.

5. a short heavy shaft used as ammunition in a crossbow.

5.nounC2
Definition

a short heavy shaft used as ammunition in a crossbow.

Example

The hunter placed a bolt on the crossbow string.

crossbow bolt

A museum case displayed iron bolts from the fifteenth century.

historical weapon sense

Common collocations
  • crossbow bolt
  • iron bolt
  • shoot a bolt
  • practice bolts
Synonyms
  • quarrel

    older technical word for a square-headed crossbow bolt.

  • arrow

    broader and more familiar, but less exact for crossbows.

  • projectile

    formal umbrella term for something shot through the air.

Antonyms
  • target

    the thing aimed at rather than the thing fired.

Grammar Patterns

shoot a bolt

crossbow bolt

iron bolt

Usage Note

This is a historical or fantasy-world sense. In modern everyday English, people often just say 'arrow' unless the crossbow detail matters.

6. a sudden run towards a place, usually because someone or something is trying to

6.nounC2
Definition

a sudden run towards a place, usually because someone or something is trying to get away fast.

Example

At the fire alarm, there was a bolt for the nearest exit.

make a bolt for + place

The rabbit made a bolt across the road and vanished.

a bolt across + place

Common collocations
  • make a bolt for the door
  • take a bolt for safety
  • a bolt across the road
  • a quick bolt
Synonyms
  • dash

    a fast short run, often without the strong escape idea.

  • rush

    broader and can be caused by hurry rather than fear.

  • scramble

    suggests awkward movement, often with hands and feet.

Antonyms
  • pause

    a stop instead of a sudden burst of movement.

Grammar Patterns

make a bolt for

take a bolt for

a bolt across

Usage Note

Often appears in the pattern 'make a bolt for ...'. It focuses on the act itself, while verb sense 1 describes the movement as an action.

Idioms

Something that happens suddenly and is completely unexpected.

The news of her resignation came as a bolt from the blue.

Did the job offer seem like a bolt from the blue to you?

To have used all of your energy, resources, or opportunities.

After three hours of arguing, the lawyer had shot his bolt.

Maya felt she had shot her bolt and could not continue.

The basic practical details of a subject or activity.

The course teaches the nuts and bolts of computer programming.

Sara learned the nuts and bolts of running a small business.

bolt — verb

bolt — adverb

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

All five words can describe very fast movement, but they point to different reasons and shapes of motion. 'Bolt' strongly suggests a sudden start and often some fear or loss of control: a horse bolts, a thief bolts, a child bolts from a room. 'Dash' is broader and works for any quick run, even when there is no panic. 'Dart' usually describes a short sharp movement in one direction. 'Rush' focuses on haste and can be caused by time pressure, not danger. 'Flee' is the clearest word for escaping real threat, and it sounds more formal than 'bolt'. So a student may dash downstairs for lunch, a rabbit may dart under a fence, but a frightened horse bolts and villagers flee a fire.

Etymology

Proto-GermanicOld EnglishModern English

'Bolt' is an old Germanic word that reached English through Old English. Early forms referred to a short arrow or missile, and also to a thick bar or pin. English kept both concrete ideas, which is why modern 'bolt' can still mean a crossbow missile, a sliding door fastener, or a metal pin used to hold parts together. Several verb senses grew out of those noun meanings: you can bolt a door with a bar, or move so suddenly that you seem to shoot away like an arrow.