devil

devil — noun

1. A frightening creature from stories and old tales, usually shown with a pointed

1.nounB1
Definition

A frightening creature from stories and old tales, usually shown with a pointed tail, two horns on its head, and red or black skin.

Example

The old painting shows a devil with horns, a tail, and flames around his feet.

visual description of the folklore figure

In the story, the hero fights a devil that guards the entrance to a dark cave.

Common collocations
  • devil costume
  • devil mask
  • picture of a devil
  • devil horns
Synonyms
  • demon

    more general term for any evil spirit, not tied to the specific folk depiction with horns and a tail

  • fiend

    more literary and intense, suggesting a particularly vicious creature

Antonyms
  • angel

    a good spiritual being, often shown with wings and a halo

Grammar Patterns

the devil

a devil

2. Within the Christian and Jewish faiths, the supreme evil being who governs hell

2.nounB1
Definition

Within the Christian and Jewish faiths, the supreme evil being who governs hell and ceaselessly seeks to turn humans away from God.

Example

Diya's grandmother taught her that the Devil tempts people to lie and cheat.

the Devil as tempter in religious context

The church window shows a battle between God and the Devil painted in bright colours.

Common collocations
  • the Devil
  • worship the Devil
  • the Devil's work
  • fight the Devil
  • the Devil himself
Synonyms
  • Satan

    the name of the Devil in the Bible; more specific and personal than 'the Devil'

  • Lucifer

    a literary name for the Devil before his fall from heaven, often used in poetry and fiction

Antonyms
  • God

    the supreme being of goodness whom the Devil opposes

Grammar Patterns

the Devil

Usage Note

When referring to the supreme evil being in Christianity and Judaism, this sense is usually capitalised as 'the Devil' and treated as a proper noun. Lowercase 'devil' (sense 1) refers to the general folklore creature.

Common Mistakes

I saw the Devil in a horror movie wearing a red suit.
I saw a devil in a horror movie wearing a red suit.
The capitalised 'the Devil' is the religious figure; a fictional movie character is 'a devil' (sense 1).

3. A child or young person who is frequently disobedient, refuses to follow rules,

3.nounB1
Definition

A child or young person who is frequently disobedient, refuses to follow rules, and creates small problems for adults.

Example

Christopher's little brother is a real devil — he hid all the TV remotes under the sofa.

informal register: a real devil for a naughty child

Min told her three-year-old son to stop being a devil and put his shoes on for school.

Common collocations
  • little devil
  • real devil
  • naughty devil
Synonyms
  • rascal

    warmer and more affectionate; suggests charm along with naughtiness

  • imp

    suggests a child who is mischievous in a playful, energetic way

Antonyms
  • angel

    used informally for a very well-behaved child

Grammar Patterns

a little devil

a real devil

Usage Note

Used playfully or with mild frustration, not with genuine anger. Often preceded by 'little' or 'real'. The synonym 'rascal' is gentler; 'brat' is harsher.

Common Mistakes

The dictator was a little devil.
The dictator was a devil.
'Little devil' (sense 3) is for mild childhood mischief; a truly cruel person takes sense 7 (CRUEL PERSON).

4. Someone who gets excitement from behaving in ways that most people consider shoc

4.nounB2
Definition

Someone who gets excitement from behaving in ways that most people consider shocking, risky, or socially improper.

Example

Ezra is a bit of a devil — he once climbed onto the roof of the school at midnight.

phrase: a bit of a devil

Lara is a young devil who loves sneaking into old buildings to take photographs.

Common collocations
  • a bit of a devil
  • young devil
  • be a devil
Synonyms
  • daredevil

    focuses on physical risk-taking rather than social rule-breaking

  • rebel

    broader — a rebel challenges authority systematically, not just for excitement

Grammar Patterns

a bit of a devil

be a devil

Usage Note

Usually carries a tone of playful admiration rather than real disapproval. The fixed phrase 'be a devil' is used to encourage someone to do something they are hesitant about.

5. A word placed after an adjective such as 'poor', 'lucky', or 'old' to describe a

5.nounB2
Definition

A word placed after an adjective such as 'poor', 'lucky', or 'old' to describe a person and show the speaker's feeling about them, often sympathy, envy, or mild annoyance.

Example

The poor devil waited in the rain for two hours before the bus finally arrived.

collocation: poor devil for expressing sympathy

Yasmin called her brother a lucky devil after he found a hundred-dollar bill on the sidewalk.

collocation: lucky devil for expressing envy

Common collocations
  • poor devil
  • lucky devil
  • old devil
Synonyms
  • fellow

    neutral and less emotional; 'devil' adds colour and informality

Grammar Patterns

adjective + devil

Usage Note

Only used with a preceding adjective — 'poor devil', 'lucky devil', 'old devil', 'silly devil'. Without the adjective, the meaning shifts to another sense. The adjective carries the emotional colour; 'devil' itself is just a placeholder noun.

Common Mistakes

He is a devil for winning the lottery.
He is a lucky devil to have won the lottery.
In this sense, 'devil' must be paired with an adjective like 'lucky' to express the speaker's feeling.

6. A supernatural creature that brings harm, illness, or bad luck to people; a demo

6.nounB2
Definition

A supernatural creature that brings harm, illness, or bad luck to people; a demon from folk beliefs or ancient stories.

Example

The old farmer believed a devil had cursed his land after the strange fires started.

Talia's grandmother told stories about a devil that whispered bad ideas into people's ears at night.

evil spirit causing harm through temptation

Common collocations
  • drive out a devil
  • devil worship
  • possessed by a devil
Synonyms
  • demon

    the most common general term; 'devil' in this sense is slightly more folkloric

  • spirit

    broader — can be good or evil; 'devil' always implies evil

Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

a devil

devils

Usage Note

Distinguish from sense 1 (FOLKLORE FIGURE): sense 1 describes a visual, physically depicted creature with horns and a tail. Sense 6 describes an intangible evil spirit that causes harm or misfortune and is not defined by visual features.

7. A person who behaves in a heartless, brutal, or inhuman way, causing deliberate

7.nounB2
Definition

A person who behaves in a heartless, brutal, or inhuman way, causing deliberate suffering to other people.

Example

The prison guard was an absolute devil who made inmates stand outside in the freezing cold for hours.

intensifier: absolute devil

That devil of a landlord raised the rent by fifty per cent with no warning at all.

phrase: that devil of a [noun]

Common collocations
  • absolute devil
  • utter devil
  • that devil of a
Synonyms
  • fiend

    equally strong but less common; suggests someone who enjoys cruelty

  • monster

    focuses on inhumanity and lack of normal feelings

Antonyms
  • saint

    a very kind, patient, and good person

Grammar Patterns

a devil

an absolute devil

Usage Note

This is the strongest 'person' sense of devil — compare with sense 3 (BADLY BEHAVED) which is playful and mild, and sense 4 (DARING PERSON) which is admiring. This sense implies genuine evil or cruelty.

Common Mistakes

My little brother is a devil — he broke my favourite toy.
That cruel dictator was a devil who killed thousands.
For a sibling's minor misbehaviour, use sense 3; sense 7 is for genuinely evil people.
Idioms

Said when the person you have just been talking about unexpectedly walks in or appears.

We were just talking about Ilan, and speak of the devil — there he is at the door.

Speak of the devil! I was telling Élise about your new job and you walked right in.

Someone who argues against an idea or opinion simply to test whether it is strong enough, even if they actually agree with it.

Let me play devil's advocate for a moment — what if the plan costs twice as much as we expect?

Xiu always plays devil's advocate in team meetings to make sure everyone has considered the downsides.

A saying that small, hidden parts of a plan, contract, or task are often the most difficult or problematic.

The contract looks good overall, but the devil is in the details — especially the small print about fees.

When you plan a wedding, the devil is in the details: the seating chart, the flowers, and the timing.

It is wiser to stay in a familiar bad situation than to move to a new one that could be much worse.

I stayed at the boring job because better the devil you know than a new company that might be worse.

Mayumi decided not to switch clinics — better the devil you know, she told herself.

In a difficult situation where both available choices are equally unpleasant or harmful.

If I quit my job I will have no money, but if I stay I will be miserable — I am between the devil and the deep blue sea.

The voters were between the devil and the deep blue sea, choosing between two candidates they both disliked.

Very fast, hard, or intensely; used to describe doing something with great energy or determination.

The children ran like the devil when they heard the ice cream truck coming down the street.

Christopher was working like the devil to finish the report before the five o'clock deadline.

To do anything, including bad or dishonest things, in exchange for money, success, or power.

Some people say the musician sold his soul to the devil when he became famous overnight.

She felt she had sold her soul to the devil by taking a job at a company that harmed the environment.

Used before a question to express surprise, anger, or confusion about something.

What the devil happened to the garden — the flowers are all pulled out of the soil.

What the devil did you put in this soup? It is so spicy that my mouth is burning.

Used to encourage someone to do something they are hesitant about.

Go on, be a devil, have another slice of cake.

Be a devil and buy that expensive jacket you like.

It is wiser to stay in a familiar bad situation than to risk a new one that might be worse.

She stayed with her boss because better the devil you know.

I didn't change jobs; better the devil you know than the devil you don't.

Something that is very difficult or unpleasant.

This math problem is the devil to solve.

Getting that old car started was the devil this morning.

Bad people often seem to have good luck.

He cheated on the test and still passed; the devil looks after his own.

That dishonest businessman never gets caught; the devil looks after his own.

People who have nothing to do often get into trouble.

The teacher gave extra homework because the devil makes work for idle hands.

My grandmother always said the devil makes work for idle hands.

A very difficult or unpleasant job or experience.

We had a devil of a time finding the hotel in the dark.

Fixing the leaky pipe was a devil of a job.

A lot of trouble or serious consequences.

If we miss the deadline, there will be the devil to pay.

When Mom finds the broken vase, there'll be hell to pay.

Used to angrily tell someone to go away.

When he kept bothering me, I told him to go to the devil.

Go to the devil! I don't want to hear your excuses.

To do anything, even immoral things, for money, success, or power.

He sold his soul to the devil to become a famous actor.

She would sell her soul for that promotion.

Said when someone you were just talking about appears unexpectedly.

Speak of the devil, here comes Tom now.

We were just discussing Sara, and talk of the devil, she walked in.

devil — verb

Word family

  • devilish
    adjectiveB2
  • devilishly
    adverbC1
  • devilment
    nounC1
  • devilry
    nounC2
  • bedevil
    verbC1
  • devilled
    adjectiveC1

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/2

All three words refer to evil supernatural beings, but they differ in scope and religious specificity. 'Satan' (capitalised) is a proper noun — the specific named figure in the Bible who tempts Jesus and opposes God. 'The Devil' (with capital D) is essentially the same figure, but 'Satan' is more personal and Biblical, while 'the Devil' carries broader folk and literary associations. 'Demon' is a general term for any evil spirit, ranging from minor folk creatures to powerful fallen angels; unlike 'the Devil' and 'Satan', 'demon' is not a single being but a category. In everyday use: 'Some Christians believe the Devil tempts people to sin' uses the general religious figure; 'In the Bible, Satan tested Job's faith' uses the specific name; 'The old stories tell of demons that possess people' refers to many spirits.

Common collocations

Nouns

  • devil worship
  • devil figure
  • devil costume
  • devil mask
  • devil's food cake

Phrases

Etymology

GreekLatinOld EnglishEnglish

The word 'devil' comes from Old English 'dēofol', which was borrowed from Latin 'diabolus', itself from Greek 'diabolos' meaning 'slanderer' or 'accuser'. The Greek word comes from 'diaballein' (to throw across, to slander). Early Christian writers used the term to translate the Hebrew 'Satan' (adversary) in the Bible. Over time the word spread across Germanic and Romance languages, and its meaning broadened from the specific religious figure to include any evil spirit and, later, figurative uses for people.