big

big — adjective

1. greater than usual in physical size, number, or quantity.

1.adjectiveA1
Definition

greater than usual in physical size, number, or quantity.

Example

The bakery ordered a big oven for the new shop downtown.

big + concrete noun for size

A big crowd waited outside the stadium before the singer arrived.

big + crowd for large number

Common collocations
  • big house
  • big crowd
  • big bag
  • big table
  • big eyes
Synonyms
  • large

    often more neutral and slightly more formal

  • huge

    stronger; suggests a much greater size

  • great

    older or more literary in this physical sense

Antonyms
  • small

    the usual opposite for size or amount

  • little

    common in everyday speech, especially for children or objects

Grammar Patterns

big + noun

be/look/feel + big

Usage Note

Covers both physical size and large amounts. Distinguish from sense 6: 'a big problem' usually means important or serious, not physically large.

Common Mistakes

This room is more big than ours.
This room is bigger than ours.
Use the regular comparative form 'bigger'.

2. important, serious, or powerful enough to have a strong effect.

2.adjectiveA2
Definition

important, serious, or powerful enough to have a strong effect.

Example

Choosing a new school was a big decision for the whole family.

big + decision/problem/difference

There is a big difference between hearing advice and following it.

Common collocations
  • big decision
  • big difference
  • big problem
  • big effect
  • big story
Synonyms
  • important

    the broadest and safest synonym

  • major

    often used in formal writing and news

  • serious

    best when the effect could be bad or worrying

Antonyms
  • minor

    not very important or serious

  • trivial

    stronger; suggests hardly worth attention

Grammar Patterns

big + decision/problem/difference/effect

Usage Note

Usually appears before nouns such as 'decision', 'difference', 'problem', 'risk', or 'story'. Distinguish from adjective/7 in the other chunk, where 'big' means well-known or influential in a place or field, not simply serious or important.

Common Mistakes

We have a large decision tonight.
We have a big decision tonight.
English often uses 'big' for important or serious matters.

3. older than another child, or old enough to be expected to act in a more adult wa

3.adjectiveA2
Definition

older than another child, or old enough to be expected to act in a more adult way.

Example

Eva's big sister walked her across the road on Monday.

big sister = older sister

The big kids sat in the front row for the school play.

Common collocations
  • big sister
  • big brother
  • big kids
  • big enough to know better
Synonyms
  • older

    the clearest synonym for age

  • grown-up

    stronger; suggests adult behaviour or status

  • mature

    focuses on behaviour rather than age alone

Antonyms
  • younger

    the usual opposite for age

  • little

    common in family talk, as in 'little brother'

Grammar Patterns

big brother/sister

big enough + to-infinitive

Usage Note

Often used in family roles such as 'big brother' and 'big sister', and in 'big enough to ...' when talking about expected behaviour. Distinguish from sense 1, which is about size rather than age or maturity.

Common Mistakes

My big sister is fourteen years old and very tall.
My older sister is fourteen years old.
In family terms, 'big' means older, not physically large.

4. in the phrase 'in a big way', to a very great degree or with strong effect.

4.adjective
Definition

in the phrase 'in a big way', to a very great degree or with strong effect.

Example

After the concert, Hana fell for the drummer in a big way.

fixed phrase: in a big way

Since the storm, food prices have risen in a big way.

Common collocations
  • change in a big way
  • rise in a big way
  • fall for someone in a big way
Synonyms
  • greatly

    neutral adverb of degree

  • strongly

    works especially for feelings and reactions

  • deeply

    common for emotional effect rather than general change

Antonyms
  • slightly

    shows only a small degree of change or feeling

Grammar Patterns

in a big way

Usage Note

Usually appears after verbs about feelings, change, growth, or increase. Distinguish from sense 5: this sense stresses degree, not how wide the spread is.

Common Mistakes

Prices increased in a big scale.
Prices increased in a big way.
This meaning uses the fixed phrase 'in a big way'.

5. in the phrase 'in a big way', across many people, places, or activities, or over

5.adjective
Definition

in the phrase 'in a big way', across many people, places, or activities, or over a broad area.

Example

The chain plans to expand in a big way across southern India.

large-scale expansion in a big way

Solar power is growing in a big way in many farming towns.

Common collocations
  • expand in a big way
  • grow in a big way
  • use something in a big way
Synonyms
Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

in a big way

Usage Note

Also mostly appears in 'in a big way', but here the idea is broad spread or large-scale activity. Distinguish from sense 4, which can describe one person's feeling or one change becoming stronger.

Common Mistakes

The company expanded in a big scale.
The company expanded in a big way.
English uses 'way' in this fixed expression.

6. liking someone or something very much and showing strong interest in it.

6.adjectiveB2
Definition

liking someone or something very much and showing strong interest in it.

Example

Nina is big on morning runs before work.

be big on + activity

Grandpa is big on old train maps and station photos.

be big on + thing

Common collocations
  • big on exercise
  • big on Korean dramas
  • big on spicy food
  • big on meeting people
Synonyms
  • keen on

    close in meaning, but less informal in some contexts

  • into

    very informal and common for interests or styles

  • fond of

    softer and less energetic

Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

be big on + noun

be big on + gerund

Usage Note

This informal sense is usually followed by 'on'. It often talks about hobbies, food, music, or ways of doing things.

Common Mistakes

My sister is big about yoga.
My sister is big on yoga.
The usual preposition in this sense is 'on'.

7. used about a product, style, or activity that huge numbers of people like, buy,

7.adjectiveC1
Definition

used about a product, style, or activity that huge numbers of people like, buy, or talk about.

Example

Vinyl records are big again with college students in Kaohsiung.

be big with + group

Cold brew tea became big after the summer music festival.

become big

Common collocations
  • big with students
  • big among teenagers
  • become big
  • still big
Synonyms
  • popular

    the nearest neutral choice

  • trendy

    suggests current fashion more than long-term success

  • hit

    often used for a successful song, film, show, or product

Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

be big with + group

be big among + group

become big

Usage Note

Most often describes trends, entertainment, food, or activities. Distinguish from sense 7, where a person or thing is big in a place or field because of status there.

8. well known and treated as important within one place, scene, or area of work.

8.adjectiveB2
Definition

well known and treated as important within one place, scene, or area of work.

Example

That singer was already big in Taiwan before her world tour.

be big in + place

Before television, Ken was big in local radio across Hsinchu.

be big in + field

Common collocations
  • big in Taiwan
  • big in local radio
  • big in fashion
  • big in jazz clubs
Synonyms
  • famous

    stresses being widely known, not always having influence

  • influential

    focuses more on power over people or decisions

  • prominent

    slightly more formal and often used in news or public writing

Antonyms
  • unknown

    not known by many people in that place or field

  • minor

    having only a small position or effect

Grammar Patterns

be big in + place

be big in + field

Usage Note

Usually follows the verb 'be'. Distinguish from sense 8, which is about a product or activity being very popular, not about having standing in a place or field.

Common Mistakes

Her cafe is big for Taichung.
Her cafe is big in Taichung.
This sense normally uses 'in' before the place or field.

9. showing kindness, fairness, or forgiveness, especially after someone could have

9.adjectiveC1
Definition

showing kindness, fairness, or forgiveness, especially after someone could have reacted badly.

Example

It was big of Maria to thank the nurse after the mistake.

it is big of + person + to-infinitive

Even after losing, Hana was big enough to shake Carla's hand.

be big enough to + verb

Common collocations
  • big of you
  • big of him
  • big enough to apologize
  • big enough to shake hands
Synonyms
  • generous

    broader and also used for money or gifts

  • gracious

    more formal and often about polite behavior after winning or losing

  • forgiving

    focuses on not staying angry after being hurt

Antonyms
  • petty

    concerned with small hurt feelings or unfair revenge

  • mean

    unkind in an everyday way

Grammar Patterns

it is big of + person + to-infinitive

be big enough to + verb

Usage Note

Most common in the patterns 'It was big of ... to ...' and 'be big enough to ...'. It often appears after an argument, a loss, or some other tense moment.

Common Mistakes

It was big for Maria to apologize.
It was big of Maria to apologize.
Use 'of' before the person in this pattern.

10. put before a noun to make the description sound stronger or more emotional.

10.adjectiveC2
Definition

put before a noun to make the description sound stronger or more emotional.

Example

Stop being a big baby about the cold swimming pool.

emphatic: big + insulting noun

The twins called Max a big bully after he hid their ball.

Common collocations
  • big baby
  • big bully
  • big idiot
  • big show-off
Synonyms
  • real

    common spoken intensifier before a noun

  • complete

    stresses totality, often in criticism

  • such a

    similar in effect, but part of a different structure

Grammar Patterns

big + insulting or emotional noun

Usage Note

Mainly used before a noun, especially in emotional labels such as insults or self-criticism. It adds force more than new factual meaning.

Common Mistakes

He is big coward.
He is a big coward.
'Big' still needs the normal article before a singular countable noun.

11. carrying a baby and showing it clearly because the stomach has grown large.

11.adjectiveC2
Definition

carrying a baby and showing it clearly because the stomach has grown large.

Example

By spring, the farm dog was big and needed shorter walks.

informal use for pregnancy

The old neighbors said Rosa was big and due in October.

Common collocations
  • look big
  • be big by summer
  • big and due soon
Synonyms

Grammar Patterns

be big

look big

Usage Note

Mostly an older or informal way to talk about pregnancy, especially when it is easy to see. Learners usually want the neutral word 'pregnant' instead.

Idioms

to act too proud and behave as if you are more important than you really are.

After one television interview, Kevin got too big for his boots.

an important or powerful person, especially inside a company or group.

At the charity dinner, Mei finally met the company's big cheese.

said to show that you are not impressed by something.

So you finished first once. Big deal, Wairimu.

the most important person or thing in a situation.

Everyone wanted five minutes with the big enchilada before lunch.

a person who seems important inside a small group or place.

In that village school, Coach Lin was a big fish in a small pond.

a British offensive term for a man thought to be weak, timid, or lacking confidence.

The older boys cruelly called Ben a big girl's blouse after the race.

strong forward movement or winning energy, especially in politics or competition.

After three victories, the mayor's campaign clearly had the big mo.

someone widely seen as important, successful, or influential.

Uncle Ray acts like a big shot whenever reporters visit town.

the whole situation, not just the small details.

Step back and look at the big picture before cutting staff.

the use or threat of force to make people obey.

The union answered threats with talks, not the big stick.

the three, four, or other small number of most important people, groups, or companies.

Her firm now supplies parts to the Big Three.

to clap loudly to show approval, or to receive that applause.

Please give a big hand to the students who cleaned the beach.

to have more important or more interesting things to do.

I can't argue about posters today; I have bigger fish to fry.

to be bad at keeping secrets and tell people things too easily.

Don't tell Ezra yet; Nina has a big mouth.

on a large scale or on only a limited scale.

The cafe started small but now sells frozen meals in a big way.

said when you realize you should not have said something.

I told Rosa about the surprise party. Me and my big mouth.

a person or product expected to become very popular or successful soon.

Critics are calling Yuna the next big thing in skateboarding.

used to say that something is not important or not a problem.

Missing one bus is no big deal; another comes soon.

so important to an economy that the government is expected to save it if trouble comes.

Many voters hated rescuing banks that were too big to fail.

This is an insulting way to describe a man who is not strong or brave.

Tom called his brother a big girl's blouse for crying.

Don't be such a big girl's blouse, just ask her out.

big — adverb

big — noun

Word family

  • bigness
    nounC2
  • biggish
    adjectiveC2

Synonym discussion

Sense: adjective/1

"Big" is the plain everyday word for something larger than usual, and it works for both physical size and amount: a big bag, a big crowd, a big increase. "Large" is close in meaning but sounds a little more neutral or formal, so it is common in notices, reports, and measurements. "Huge" is stronger and suggests something strikingly large. "Enormous" is even more emphatic and often sounds more dramatic. "Massive" often adds an idea of weight, thickness, or solid strength, not just size. So you might say a big kitchen table at home, a large payment in a report, a huge wave at the beach, an enormous stadium in travel writing, and a massive stone wall in a history book.

Etymology

ScandinavianMiddle EnglishEnglish

Big entered English in Middle English around 1300. In its earlier northern English use, it often meant something closer to strong or powerful before the idea of large size became central. Its deeper origin is uncertain, but major dictionaries suggest a possible Scandinavian source. From there, English extended big beyond physical size to age, importance, popularity, enthusiasm, and later adverb uses such as win big and think big.