raid

raid — noun

1. A short, targeted assault on an enemy position carried out by ground troops, nav

1.nounB2
Definition

A short, targeted assault on an enemy position carried out by ground troops, naval vessels, or warplanes, with the aim of destroying the objective and withdrawing without lingering.

Example

The air force carried out a raid on the enemy's main supply depot.

collocation: carry out a raid on [place]

Sahil's grandfather survived a Viking raid on his coastal village.

historical context: Viking raid

Common collocations
  • air raid
  • night raid
  • dawn raid
  • military raid
  • carry out a raid
  • launch a raid
Synonyms
  • attack

    Broader term — covers any act of aggression, not necessarily short or surprise-based

  • assault

    Emphasises close, violent confrontation, often against people rather than a fixed position

  • incursion

    More formal; suggests crossing into enemy territory without intent to stay

  • strike

    Often used for precision attacks by aircraft or missiles

Antonyms
  • retreat

    The act of pulling back from enemy contact, opposite of attacking forward

Grammar Patterns

raid + on + [place]

carry out / launch + a raid

Usage Note

Common in military news reports. The target is typically a specific facility such as a depot, camp, or base, not a broad area of fighting.

Common Mistakes

The army carried out a raid that lasted for three weeks.
The army carried out a raid that was over in a few hours.
A raid is brief by definition, unlike a full-scale battle or campaign.

2. An illegal entry into a shop, bank, or home with the intention of stealing money

2.nounB2
Definition

An illegal entry into a shop, bank, or home with the intention of stealing money or valuable goods, often carried out quickly.

Example

Thieves carried out a raid on a jewellery store and escaped with diamonds worth millions.

collocation: carry out a raid on [store]

The bank hired extra guards after a failed raid last month.

Common collocations
  • bank raid
  • jewellery raid
  • armed raid
  • smash-and-grab raid
Synonyms
  • burglary

    The legal term for entering a building to steal; less emphasis on speed or surprise

  • robbery

    Can involve people directly (e.g. bank robbery); broader scope than raid

  • heist

    Informal; suggests a large, carefully planned theft, often of high value

  • break-in

    Focuses on the method of entry rather than the act of stealing

Grammar Patterns

raid + on + [building]

a + [type] + raid

Usage Note

Often used with 'carry out', 'conduct', or 'plan' as the verb. Unlike 'burglary', which focuses on the legal crime, 'raid' emphasises speed and the element of surprise.

Common Mistakes

Three men raided the old lady on the street.
Three men robbed the old lady on the street.
'Raid' is used for places (buildings, shops, banks), not for individual people.

3. A sudden entry by law enforcement officers into a building or area, conducted wi

3.nounB2
Definition

A sudden entry by law enforcement officers into a building or area, conducted without warning so that they can search for evidence of a crime, illegal items, or people they want to arrest.

Example

Police carried out a dawn raid on a suspected drug warehouse.

collocation: dawn raid

Abigail's apartment was searched during a police raid on the whole building.

Common collocations
  • police raid
  • dawn raid
  • drug raid
  • a series of raids
  • carry out a raid
Synonyms
  • search

    Broader and less dramatic; can be planned or routine, not necessarily sudden

  • bust

    Informal American English; specifically refers to a drug-related police operation

  • sweep

    Suggest a wide-area search across multiple locations, not a single targeted raid

Grammar Patterns

raid + on + [building]

a + [type] + raid by the police

Usage Note

Frequently appears as 'dawn raid' or 'police raid' in news headlines. The purpose is usually to seize evidence or make arrests, not merely to ask questions.

Common Mistakes

The police raided on the building at midnight.
The police raided the building at midnight.
'Raid' as a verb takes a direct object (no preposition 'on'). As a noun, 'a raid on [place]' is correct.

4. A coordinated move by a group of traders to sell a company's shares all at once,

4.nounC1
Definition

A coordinated move by a group of traders to sell a company's shares all at once, forcing the price down so they can buy them back more cheaply later.

Example

A group of investors organised a raid that drove the company's share price down sharply.

financial term: organised raid on shares

Mauricio lost money when a raid by rival traders caused the stock value to crash.

Common collocations
  • bear raid
  • stock raid
  • coordinated raid
  • raid on shares
Synonyms
  • bear raid

    A subtype of stock raid specifically aimed at driving prices down before buying back

  • cornering the market

    Buying up most of a commodity or stock to control its price; different mechanism from a raid

Grammar Patterns

a + [adjective] + raid on + [company/shares]

Usage Note

A specialised finance term. In everyday conversation, 'raid' will almost never be used with this meaning. Common in financial news but avoid it in general English contexts.

Common Mistakes

The CEO raided the company's stock.
A group of traders conducted a raid on the company's stock.
The subject is the traders, not the company itself.

raid — verb

Word family

  • raider
    nounB2
  • raiding
    adjectiveC1
  • air raid
    nounB2

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

Raid, attack, assault, storm, and invade all describe using force against a target, but they differ in scope, duration, and purpose. Attack is the broadest term and can describe any act of aggression, from a single punch to a full military campaign. Assault suggests a direct and often violent confrontation, usually against people rather than a fixed location. Storm implies a forceful charge intended to overwhelm defences through sheer momentum. Raid is distinct in that it describes a short, quick strike with a limited objective, followed by immediate withdrawal — it is the only word in this group that carries a strong sense of brevity and tactical surprise. Invade signals a large-scale, sustained entry with the intention of occupying the territory. For example, soldiers might raid a single enemy communications post at night, but they would invade an entire region with thousands of troops over weeks or months.

Common collocations

Nouns

Phrases

  • carry out a raid
  • launch a raid
  • conduct a raid
  • be raided by

Prepositions

Etymology

Old EnglishScotsEnglish

Raid traces back to the Scottish word 'raide', meaning a military expedition on horseback. This word came from Old English 'rād', which meant 'a riding' or 'a journey on horseback'. In the 1600s, the word was used in the border regions between England and Scotland to describe quick cross-border attacks. Over time, 'raid' lost its horse-riding connection and came to mean any sudden attack, whether by soldiers, criminals, or police, while also gaining an informal sense of taking something without permission.