plus

plus — preposition

1. placed between figures or sums to show they make one total when joined.

1.prepositionA2
Definition

placed between figures or sums to show they make one total when joined.

Example

Three plus four equals seven on Emma's homework sheet.

number + plus + number

The hotel bill was $80 plus tax for one night.

amount + plus + extra charge

Common collocations
  • three plus four
  • price plus tax
  • hours plus minutes
Synonyms
  • added to

    fuller wording, common in explanations rather than quick arithmetic

  • and

    used in some simple sums, but less exact in prices or bills

  • with

    can add an extra part, but often suggests inclusion rather than a total

Antonyms
  • minus

    shows subtraction instead of addition

  • less

    used to subtract one amount from another

Grammar Patterns

number + plus + number

amount + plus + extra charge

Usage Note

Usually placed between numbers, prices, or measured amounts. In bills, it often introduces an extra charge such as tax or shipping.

Common Mistakes

Three plus by four is seven.
Three plus four is seven.
'plus' already links the two numbers, so no extra preposition is needed.

2. used before an extra person, thing, or amount that is included along with what w

2.prepositionB1
Definition

used before an extra person, thing, or amount that is included along with what was already named.

Example

We need two chairs plus a small table for the stall.

item + plus + extra item

Rosa packed socks, a raincoat, plus a warm hat.

Common collocations
  • plus a small table
  • plus help with homework
  • parents plus neighbors
Synonyms
  • besides

    can add something extra, but is less list-like in tone

  • along with

    more neutral and common in full sentences

  • as well as

    slightly more formal than 'plus'

Antonyms
  • without

    shows that the extra thing is not included

  • excluding

    explicitly leaves something out of the list

Grammar Patterns

item + plus + extra item

person + plus + more people

Usage Note

The word after 'plus' is an added part of the same list. Distinguish from conjunction sense 1: this sense is followed by a noun phrase, not a full clause.

Common Mistakes

We invited plus two neighbors.
We invited our parents plus two neighbors.
this sense adds something to an existing list; it does not replace the whole noun phrase.
Idioms

Used to indicate that the actual number could be a little higher or lower than the stated amount.

The temperature will be 20 degrees plus or minus two degrees.

Did the survey have a margin of error of plus or minus 3%?

plus — noun

plus — adjective

plus — conjunction

Synonym discussion

Sense: preposition/1

In arithmetic and pricing, 'plus' gives a compact signal that one amount is being added to another: 'three plus four' or '$80 plus tax'. 'Added to' expresses the same relation, but it sounds fuller and fits better in explanatory sentences such as 'Tax is added to the bill later.' 'And' can appear in very simple sums for children, yet outside that narrow pattern it is too loose to show exact addition. 'With' introduces an extra part, but it often suggests inclusion rather than a new total. Compare '$50 plus shipping' with '$50 with shipping': the first means shipping will be added, while the second usually means shipping is already included.

Etymology

LatinEnglish

English 'plus' comes from Latin 'plus', a form meaning 'more'. Learned writing in medieval and early modern Europe used the Latin word in arithmetic and trade language, and English borrowed it for the idea of addition or something extra. From that central meaning, English later widened 'plus' to cover an advantage ('a real plus') and set phrases such as 'plus side' and '12 plus'. The symbol + came to be called a plus because it marks that one quantity is added to another.