phantom

phantom — noun

1. the shadowy shape of someone who has died, which some people think can appear to

1.nounB2
Definition

the shadowy shape of someone who has died, which some people think can appear to those still alive.

Example

A phantom crossed the castle stairs at midnight, the watchman swore.

common pattern: see or report a phantom

Before sunrise, a child's phantom appeared near the grave.

Common collocations
  • see a phantom
  • a phantom appears
  • phantom figure
  • phantom at the window
Synonyms
  • ghost

    the usual everyday word for the spirit of a dead person

  • spirit

    broader; can mean a soul or supernatural being, not only a visible figure

  • apparition

    more formal and focused on a sudden ghostly appearance

  • specter

    more literary and often darker in tone

Grammar Patterns

see a phantom

a phantom appears

Usage Note

Often used in stories, legends, or reports of sightings. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense names a supposed dead spirit, not just an unreal fear or idea.

Common Mistakes

We saw a phantom actor on stage.
We saw an actor dressed as a ghost on stage.
this sense is for a supposed spirit, not simply a person in costume.
A phantom called the office this morning.
Someone pretending to be a ghost called the office this morning.
a phantom in this sense is usually described as an appearance, not an ordinary caller.

2. something that seems real in the mind or in reports, but has no true existence.

2.nounC1
Definition

something that seems real in the mind or in reports, but has no true existence.

Example

The missing treasure was a phantom born from old sea stories.

be a phantom = be unreal despite strong belief

Mina's fear of public laughter was a phantom, not a real danger.

Common collocations
  • mere phantom
  • prove a phantom
  • phantom fear
  • phantom enemy
Synonyms
  • illusion

    stresses a false impression, often of what someone sees or believes

  • mirage

    often suggests a tempting but unreal hope or image

  • fantasy

    can be more imaginative and less tied to a mistaken belief

  • fiction

    stresses that something has been invented rather than actually existing

Antonyms
  • reality

    what truly exists

  • fact

    something known to be true rather than imagined

Grammar Patterns

be a phantom

prove a phantom

Usage Note

Often used for fears, dangers, enemies, or hopes that people treat as real. Distinguish from sense 1: no ghostly being is involved here; the point is that the thing was never truly there.

Common Mistakes

A phantom broke the printer in our office.
A fault broke the printer in our office.
this sense is for something unreal or imagined, not an actual cause.
The broken bridge was a phantom.
The danger from the broken bridge was not a phantom.
a phantom is not a real object that everyone can plainly see.

phantom — adjective

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/1

For noun sense 1, ghost is the normal everyday word for the spirit of a dead person. Spirit is broader and can also mean a soul, a non-human being, or the general mood of a place. Apparition is more formal and usually stresses the sudden visual appearance of something supernatural. Specter is literary and darker, and it is often chosen when the writer wants a feeling of fear or doom. Phantom often suggests an unclear shape seen for a moment, so it sounds a little more atmospheric than ghost. You might say 'The children thought they saw a ghost in the hall,' but 'A phantom moved through the fog' creates a more eerie, story-like effect.

ghostspiritapparitionspecter

Etymology

GreekOld FrenchEnglish

English took phantom from French forms such as fantome, and those came from Greek phantasma, meaning an appearance or image. That history helps explain why the word can refer either to a ghostly figure or to something that only seems to exist.