makeshift

makeshift — adjective

1. made quickly from whatever simple materials are at hand, because the proper item

1.adjectiveB2
Definition

made quickly from whatever simple materials are at hand, because the proper item is not available, and often rough or poor in quality

Example

After the earthquake, volunteers built makeshift shelters using tarpaulins and wooden planks.

collocation: makeshift + noun (shelter, bed, table)

With no proper tools available, Yael fixed the broken fence with a makeshift rope.

Common collocations
  • makeshift shelter
  • makeshift bed
  • makeshift table
  • makeshift stage
  • makeshift solution
Synonyms
  • improvised

    more neutral in tone; 'makeshift' often adds the idea of low quality or roughness

  • temporary

    broader meaning; does not imply something was put together from whatever was available

  • rough-and-ready

    informal; similar meaning but can carry a slightly positive sense of practicality

  • provisional

    more formal; often used in official or planning contexts, not for physical objects

Antonyms
  • proper

    the correct or suitable thing for the purpose

  • permanent

    lasting and not meant to be replaced soon

Grammar Patterns

makeshift + noun

Common Mistakes

We rented a makeshift apartment for the summer.
We rented a temporary apartment for the summer.
'makeshift' implies something put together from basic materials for an urgent need, not just a short-term rental.
She wore her sister's makeshift dress to the party.
She wore her sister's old dress to the party.
'makeshift' is for improvised solutions to a practical problem, not for hand-me-downs or second-hand items.

Synonym discussion

Sense: adjective/1

All five words describe something that is not the final or ideal version, but they differ in what they highlight. 'Makeshift' stresses that an object was thrown together from whatever materials were handy, often with a noticeably poor result (e.g., 'a makeshift bandage from a torn shirt'). 'Improvised' is more neutral — it can describe clever or skilled on-the-spot creation, not necessarily low quality (e.g., 'an improvised jazz melody'). 'Temporary' is the broadest term, covering anything short-term without saying anything about how it was made ('temporary housing'). 'Provisional' is formal and usually applies to plans, agreements, or arrangements ('a provisional government'). 'Rough-and-ready' is informal and can imply something is good enough even if not polished ('a rough-and-ready boat engine fix'). Use 'makeshift' when you want to emphasize the lack of proper materials and the resulting roughness.

Common collocations

Etymology

Old EnglishEnglish

Formed in the 16th century from the verb 'make' + the noun 'shift', where 'shift' meant 'an expedient, a way of getting by' (from Old English 'sciftan' meaning 'to arrange, divide'). The original idea was 'something that makes do for now' — a resourceful but temporary solution. The phrase 'make shift' (to manage with difficulty) came first, and by the 1800s 'makeshift' had settled into its modern use as an adjective describing a rough, improvised replacement.