good

good — noun

1. Items that people buy, sell, or keep as their personal property.

1.nounB1
Definition

Items that people buy, sell, or keep as their personal property.

Example

The shop received a large delivery of kitchen goods early this morning.

collocation: leather/kitchen/household goods

Alessia packed her household goods into cardboard boxes before moving house.

Common collocations
  • household goods
  • leather goods
  • electronic goods
  • kitchen goods
  • stolen goods
  • dry goods
Synonyms
  • merchandise

    more formal; used in retail and business contexts

  • products

    focuses on items that have been manufactured

  • wares

    old-fashioned; used for items sold at markets or by street vendors

Antonyms
  • services

    non-physical work or help provided instead of objects

Grammar Patterns

goods + verb (plural)

Usage Note

Always used in the plural form 'goods'. Refers to physical items, not services or digital products.

Common Mistakes

I bought a good from the supermarket.
I bought goods from the supermarket.
'goods' is always plural; there is no singular form 'a good' when referring to products.

2. Objects being moved from one place to another by train, truck, or ship — not peo

2.nounB2
Definition

Objects being moved from one place to another by train, truck, or ship — not people.

Example

A freight train carrying construction goods derailed near the river yesterday.

collocation: carry/transport goods by train/truck

The port handles thousands of tonnes of goods each month.

Common collocations
  • perishable goods
  • construction goods
  • heavy goods
  • goods train
  • goods vehicle
Synonyms
  • cargo

    more common for ship or aircraft transport

  • freight

    refers to the transportation service or the goods themselves; often used as an uncountable noun

Antonyms
  • passengers

    people being transported, the opposite of goods in transport contexts

Grammar Patterns

goods + be + transported/carried/shipped

Usage Note

Distinguish from sense 1: this sense focuses on the movement and logistics of items rather than their commercial value. Often appears in transport, shipping, and logistics contexts. Frequently used with verbs like 'transport', 'carry', 'ship', 'load', and 'unload'.

3. Something that provides an advantage, helps a situation, or makes life better fo

3.nounB2
Definition

Something that provides an advantage, helps a situation, or makes life better for someone.

Example

Saira hoped the new policy would work for the good of the whole community.

pattern: for the good of + noun phrase

What is the good of owning a car if you cannot afford the petrol?

pattern: what's the good of + verb-ing

Common collocations
  • for the good of
  • what's the good of
  • see no good in
  • some good
  • any good
  • no good
Synonyms
  • benefit

    more formal; can be countable ('a benefit') whereas 'good' in this sense is uncountable

  • advantage

    focuses on a better position or outcome rather than general helpfulness

  • use

    in questions like 'what's the use?'; slightly more negative in tone

Antonyms
  • harm

    damage or injury that results from an action

Grammar Patterns

the good of + noun phrase

what's the good of + verb-ing

for the good of + noun phrase

do + noun/pronoun + good

Usage Note

Often used in question or negative constructions: 'what's the good of…?' or 'there's no good in…'. The pattern 'for the good of + noun' emphasises benefit to a group or cause rather than an individual.

Common Mistakes

This medicine is good for you.
This medicine will do you good.
to express benefit as a noun, use 'do + person + good', not 'be good for' (which uses the adjective 'good').

4. How physically strong and free from illness a person's body is, kept up through

4.nounB2
Definition

How physically strong and free from illness a person's body is, kept up through proper diet, exercise, or rest.

Example

Andrei walks five kilometres every morning for the good of his heart.

pattern: for the good of + body part/health

The doctor said that balanced meals work for the good of the whole body.

pattern: for the good of + body/health

Common collocations
  • for the good of your health
  • for the good of your body
  • care about the good of
Synonyms
  • health

    direct synonym; 'the good of your health' means the same as 'your health' but emphasises the beneficial aspect

  • wellness

    more modern; includes mental and emotional health, not just physical condition

Grammar Patterns

the good of + possessive + health/body

for the good of + noun phrase

Usage Note

Distinguish from sense 5: this sense refers to a stable state of health (you are already well), while sense 5 refers to an improvement or beneficial effect on health. Typically appears in the phrase 'for the good of one's health/body'.

5. Behaviour and principles that follow moral rules and are considered correct by s

5.nounC2
Definition

Behaviour and principles that follow moral rules and are considered correct by society, often contrasted with evil.

Example

The novel explores the ancient struggle between good and evil in every human heart.

fixed phrase: good and evil

Sayaka's faith teaches her to always choose good over wrongdoing in daily life.

Common collocations
  • good and evil
  • the nature of good
  • the struggle between good
  • promote good
  • choose good over
Synonyms
  • virtue

    focuses on a particular good quality or habit, rather than the abstract concept of moral goodness

  • righteousness

    strongly religious or moral tone; implies strict adherence to moral law

  • morality

    a system of principles rather than the quality of being good

Antonyms
  • evil

    the direct opposite; serious wrongdoing or moral wickedness

Grammar Patterns

the good

good and evil

good vs. evil

Usage Note

Frequently appears in philosophical, religious, and literary contexts. Often paired with 'evil' in the fixed phrase 'good and evil'. Cannot be used with a possessive determiner ('my good', 'their good') in this sense — use senses 3–5 for personal benefit.

Common Mistakes

She believes in my good.' (meaning my moral goodness)
She believes in the good in me.
use 'the good in/within someone' to refer to a person's moral qualities.

6. people who live according to moral or religious principles, considered as a sing

6.nounB2
Definition

people who live according to moral or religious principles, considered as a single group

Example

In many religious traditions, the good are rewarded after death.

the + good as collective noun subject

The novel sets the good against the wicked in a battle for the kingdom.

the good vs. the wicked contrast

Common collocations
  • the good
  • the good and the wicked
  • the good and the bad
  • the good and the evil
Synonyms
  • the righteous

    stronger religious or moral overtone, very formal

  • the virtuous

    more literary, emphasises personal moral discipline

  • the just

    focuses on fairness and justice rather than general morality

Antonyms
  • the wicked

    direct opposite; people who are morally bad

  • the evil

    stronger, implies harmful intent rather than simple moral failure

Grammar Patterns

the + good

Usage Note

Always used with the definite article 'the'. The verb that follows can be singular or plural, but plural is more common in modern English: 'the good are…' rather than 'the good is…'. This sense is most common in religious, philosophical, and literary contexts.

Common Mistakes

The good always win in the end.' (correct but ambiguous — could mean morally good people OR morally good things).
The good always triumph over the wicked in the end.
adding 'the wicked' makes it clear you mean people, not abstract goodness.

7. permanently, with no possibility of returning to a previous situation or state

7.nounC1
Definition

permanently, with no possibility of returning to a previous situation or state

Example

After fifteen years in Canada, the Watanabe family moved back to Japan for good.

for good meaning permanently

The old cinema closed its doors for good in 2019.

Common collocations
  • for good
  • leave for good
  • close for good
  • go away for good
  • be gone for good
Synonyms
  • permanently

    more formal; can be used in any position in a sentence

  • forever

    more emotional or dramatic register

  • once and for all

    emphasises finality after repeated attempts or changes

Antonyms

Grammar Patterns

for good

Usage Note

A fixed phrase — always use 'for good'. Cannot be shortened to just 'good' or expanded to 'for the good'. In informal British English, the longer form 'for good and all' is also possible, though less common. The phrase usually appears at the end of the clause.

Common Mistakes

I am leaving the country good.
I am leaving the country for good.
the 'for' is essential in this fixed expression.
She moved to London for good and never came back.' (redundant).
She moved to London for good.
the 'for good' already implies permanence.
Idioms

To have a positive effect on someone's health, mood, or general well-being.

Grandpa says that working in the garden every morning does him good.

A weekend away from the city would do you a lot of good.

What is best for everyone in a society or group, rather than for individual people.

The new park was built for the common good of the whole neighbourhood.

Taxes are collected to pay for services that serve the common good.

no good

idiom

Completely useless, ineffective, or of unacceptable quality — a fixed expression used when something fails to serve its purpose.

Christopher tried three different keys, but none of them were any good.

That old laptop is no good for editing videos anymore.

Used to say that a particular action will not produce the desired result and is therefore pointless.

It is no good crying over a broken cup — just buy a new one.

It is no good telling Jack to hurry because he never listens.

Doing something bad, dishonest, or that someone else would disapprove of.

The security guard noticed two men acting suspiciously and guessed they were up to no good.

Whenever the children are quiet for too long, Quinn knows they are up to no good.

Regardless of whether the result is positive or negative; used to accept an outcome without judging it.

For good or bad, the decision to move abroad changed the family forever.

Technology has shaped modern life, for good or bad.

To make a situation worse rather than better, especially despite good intentions.

Scratching a mosquito bite usually does more harm than good.

The manager's constant criticism did more harm than good to the team's confidence.

good — adjective

good — adverb

Word family

  • goodness
    nounB1
  • goodly
    adjectiveC1
  • goodish
    adjectiveC2
  • goody
    nounB2
  • good-hearted
    adjectiveB2
  • good-natured
    adjectiveB2
  • good-for-nothing
    adjectiveC1

Synonym discussion

Sense: adjective/1

Good is the most general and frequent positive adjective, usable in almost any context — from meals ('a good dinner') to people ('a good friend') to experiences ('a good time'). Nice is more informal and vaguer, often used when you have nothing specific to praise but want to be polite ('a nice day', 'she seems nice'); it lacks the strength of good in evaluating quality or skill. Fine suggests adequate but not outstanding quality — 'a fine meal' is acceptable but not necessarily memorable; it can also sound reserved or lukewarm ('I'm fine' = neutral). Great is stronger and more enthusiastic than good, common in casual conversation to express excitement ('a great movie', 'that's great news!). Excellent is the most formal and emphatic of the group, used for top-level quality in academic, professional, or careful writing ('excellent results', 'an excellent performance'). Pleasant focuses on subjective comfort and agreeableness rather than objective quality, making it suitable for describing atmospheres, weather, or mild social experiences ('a pleasant walk', 'a pleasant smile'). In everyday spoken English, good covers most situations; upgrade to great for enthusiasm and to excellent for formal praise.

Common collocations

Nouns

  • good idea
  • good point
  • good question
  • good news
  • good reason
  • good time
  • good job
  • good luck
  • good morning
  • good afternoon
  • good evening
  • good night
  • good start
  • good health
  • good quality
  • good work
  • good friend
  • good example
  • good sense
  • good deed

Adverbs

  • very good
  • pretty good
  • really good
  • quite good
  • fairly good
  • remarkably good

Prepositions

  • good at
  • good for
  • good with
  • good to
  • good about
  • good of

Etymology

Proto-GermanicOld EnglishMiddle EnglishEnglish

Good comes from Old English gōd, which goes back to Proto-Germanic *gōdaz. The ancient root is shared with words meaning 'to bring together' or 'to fit' — suggesting that something 'good' was originally understood as something well-suited or fitting for its purpose. Related words in other Germanic languages include German gut and Dutch goed. In Old English, gōd also served as a noun meaning 'virtue' or 'benefit', a dual use that survives in modern English (compare 'do good' and 'a good deed').