truth

truth — noun

1. what actually happened in a situation, as opposed to what people imagine, suspec

1.nounB1
Definition

what actually happened in a situation, as opposed to what people imagine, suspect, or claim happened

Example

The whole truth about the accident only came out at the trial.

the whole truth about

Dahlia finally told her parents the truth about why she had left university.

tell + object + the truth about

Common collocations
  • tell the truth
  • the whole truth
  • discover the truth
  • hide the truth
  • the truth about
  • the truth is
  • learn the truth
  • seek the truth
Synonyms
  • fact

    a single piece of true information; more specific and countable

  • reality

    the state of things as they actually exist, often contrasted with hopes or appearances

  • actuality

    formal; emphasises that something exists in fact rather than in theory

Antonyms
  • lie

    a false statement made on purpose

  • falsehood

    a statement that is not true; can be intentional or mistaken

  • fiction

    something invented or imagined

Grammar Patterns

the truth that + clause

the truth about + noun

Usage Note

The most common sense of 'truth'. Usually used with the definite article 'the'. Can also appear in 'whole truth', 'simple truth', and 'the truth of the matter'.

Common Mistakes

I told him a truth about my past.
I told him the truth about my past.
Use 'the truth', not 'a truth', when referring to the real facts of a situation.

2. the quality that a statement, idea, or piece of information has when it matches

2.nounB2
Definition

the quality that a statement, idea, or piece of information has when it matches what is real or what actually happened

Example

The truth of Amihan's statement was confirmed by the video recording.

the truth of + noun phrase

Padma questioned the truth of the ancient Greek story about a wooden horse that held soldiers inside.

question the truth of + specific claim

Common collocations
  • the truth of [something]
  • question the truth of
  • doubt the truth of
  • test the truth of
  • confirm the truth of
Synonyms
  • accuracy

    focuses on being correct rather than matching reality in a broad sense

  • validity

    more formal; often used for arguments, documents, or data

  • veracity

    formal term; can also refer to a person's habit of telling the truth

Antonyms
  • falsity

    the opposite quality of being false

  • falsehood

    the quality of being untrue; also used for lies

Usage Note

Uncountable — cannot be used with 'a' or 'an'. Frequently followed by 'of' + noun phrase to specify what is being checked for truthfulness.

Common Mistakes

I doubt a truth of his excuse.
I doubt the truth of his excuse.
Use 'the truth of', not 'a truth of', for the abstract quality sense.

3. used in fixed expressions such as 'to tell you the truth', 'the truth is', and '

3.nounB1
Definition

used in fixed expressions such as 'to tell you the truth', 'the truth is', and 'in truth' to introduce a frank or honest statement, especially when admitting something surprising or unwelcome

Example

To tell you the truth, I never really liked the food at that restaurant.

fixed phrase: to tell you the truth

The truth is, I was too scared to say anything during the meeting.

Common collocations
  • to tell you the truth
  • the truth is
  • in truth
  • truth be told
Synonyms
  • honestly

    adverb used similarly to introduce an honest statement

  • frankly

    more direct; often used before a blunt or critical opinion

  • to be honest

    equivalent phrase, very common in everyday speech

Grammar Patterns

in truth

to tell you the truth

the truth is

Usage Note

Only appears in a few fixed expressions: 'the truth is (that)...', 'to tell you the truth', and 'in truth'. The phrase 'truth be told' also belongs here. Cannot be modified by adjectives or used with possessive determiners.

Common Mistakes

To tell you a truth, I was late.
To tell you the truth, I was late.
The expression is always 'to tell you the truth', not 'a truth'.

4. what someone honestly believes or feels deep inside about their own life or iden

4.nounB2
Definition

what someone honestly believes or feels deep inside about their own life or identity, which may be different from what others think or from what is objectively true

Example

After years of hiding her feelings, Amihan finally accepted her own truth.

possessive + own truth

Baraka's truth about the argument was very different from his brother's version.

Common collocations
  • my truth
  • your truth
  • her truth
  • his truth
  • their truth
  • speak one's truth
  • find one's truth
  • personal truth
  • accept one's truth
  • live one's truth
Synonyms
  • conviction

    a firmly held belief or opinion

  • belief

    something accepted as true; broader and less emotionally charged

  • perspective

    a particular way of seeing things; emphasises point of view

Grammar Patterns

possessive + truth

Usage Note

Commonly used with possessive determiners: 'my truth', 'her truth', 'their truth'. This sense contrasts with sense 1 (REAL FACTS), which refers to objective facts that everyone can agree on. Sense 4 is subjective and may differ from person to person.

Common Mistakes

❌ 'His truth is that he stole the money, so we should call the police.' — Use sense 1 (REAL FACTS) for provable facts. Sense 4 is for subjective, personal beliefs.

5. a statement or idea that a large number of people believe to be correct, especia

5.nounC2
Definition

a statement or idea that a large number of people believe to be correct, especially one considered always valid across many situations

Example

The ancient Greeks believed in universal truths about justice that they called natural laws.

countable plural: universal truths

After losing his job in the flood, Zayd learned the great truth that nothing stays the same forever.

great truth that + clause

Common collocations
  • universal truth
  • absolute truth
  • fundamental truth
  • basic truth
  • eternal truth
  • great truth
  • a truth about
  • the truths of
Synonyms
  • principle

    a general rule or belief; broader than truth, can include moral guidelines

  • axiom

    formal; a statement accepted as obviously true without proof

  • maxim

    a short statement expressing a general truth or rule of behaviour

  • tenet

    a principle or belief that is central to a system of thought

Antonyms
  • falsehood

    an untrue statement or belief

  • fallacy

    a mistaken belief based on unsound reasoning

Grammar Patterns

a truth that + clause

plural: truths

Usage Note

Countable — use 'a truth' for one principle, 'truths' for multiple. Common in philosophical, religious, and scientific writing. 'Truth' in this sense is often modified by adjectives such as 'universal', 'absolute', 'fundamental', 'eternal', or 'basic'.

Common Mistakes

This is an universal truth.
This is a universal truth.
'Universal' starts with a /j/ consonant sound, so the article is 'a', not 'an'.
Idioms

To not tell the whole truth by leaving out important details.

The politician was economical with the truth during the interview.

When asked about the missing money, he was economical with the truth.

To say something that is not completely true.

Sara bent the truth when she said she had finished the project.

Did you bend the truth about your experience on your resume?

Used to reveal the true facts of a situation, especially when they are not widely known.

If truth be told, I was nervous about the exam.

If the truth be known, the company was already bankrupt.

Used to emphasize that something is the actual fact.

In truth, the movie was not as good as the book.

He seemed happy, but in truth he was very lonely.

A time when someone or something is tested or a decision must be made.

The moment of truth came when the pilot had to land the plane.

For the athlete, the moment of truth was the final race.

Used to say that a statement or belief is completely wrong.

She thinks I'm angry, but nothing could be further from the truth.

If you believe he is lazy, nothing could be further from the truth.

Used when admitting something honestly.

To tell you the truth, I don't like spicy food.

To tell the truth, I forgot about the meeting.

Used to say that real events can be more surprising than imaginary stories.

The story of his life shows that truth is stranger than fiction.

It sounds unbelievable, but truth is stranger than fiction.

Used to say that the true facts will eventually become known.

Don't worry, the truth will out in the end.

Despite the cover-up, truth will out eventually.

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/1

Truth, fact, and reality all relate to what is true or real, but they are not interchangeable. Truth (sense 2) is the broadest term — it refers to the full set of real facts about a situation. Fact is more specific: a fact is a single piece of information that can be checked and proved (it is a fact that water boils at 100°C). Reality refers to the actual state of existence, often contrasted with how things appear or what people hope for. Verity is formal and literary, typically used for an enduring or universal truth, not for everyday facts. For example: 'The truth about the accident was finally discovered.' 'It is a historical fact that the building was completed in 1890.' 'In reality, the journey took twice as long as planned.'

Common collocations

Phrases

Prepositions

Etymology

Old EnglishProto-GermanicEnglish

Truth comes from Old English trīewþ (faithfulness, loyalty). It is related to the word true and to the idea of trust — all share an ancient root meaning 'firm, reliable.' Over many centuries, the meaning expanded from a personal quality (being faithful to someone) to a quality of statements (being faithful to the facts).