prefix

prefix — noun

1. letters put before a base word so the word changes meaning or class

1.nounB2
Definition

letters put before a base word so the word changes meaning or class

Example

The prefix un- changes kind to unkind in our spelling book.

the prefix + example form

Ms Chen taught three prefixes before lunch: re-, pre-, and mis-.

plural noun: prefixes

Common collocations
  • common prefix
  • negative prefix
  • learn prefixes
  • prefix un-
Synonyms
  • affix

    broader; includes prefixes, suffixes, and other added forms

  • word part

    a simpler classroom term, but less exact

  • preformative

    technical and much less common

Antonyms
  • suffix

    a word part added at the end

Grammar Patterns

the prefix un-

a prefix meaning again

learn prefixes

Usage Note

Used mainly in grammar and word study. Distinguish from noun/4, which is about technical strings added before addresses or code.

Common Mistakes

ed is a prefix in walked.
ed is a suffix in walked.
A prefix goes at the front of a word, not the end.

2. a title or label put in front of a person's name or another name

2.nounC1
Definition

a title or label put in front of a person's name or another name

Example

The invitation used Dr as a prefix before Maya's full name.

prefix before a personal name

The town fair posters used Youth as a prefix before Music Week.

prefix to an event name

Common collocations
  • name prefix
  • official prefix
  • prefix before a surname
Synonyms
  • title

    the closest everyday word, especially for people

  • honorific

    more formal; especially for respectful titles such as Dr or Mr

  • label

    broader; can be used for events or brands as well as people

Grammar Patterns

use a prefix before a name

name prefix

official prefix

Usage Note

Usually names a fixed title or label before a full name. Distinguish from noun/5, which is more often a descriptive phrase than part of the naming.

3. digits dialed first on a telephone number for distance, country, or payment type

3.nounC1
Definition

digits dialed first on a telephone number for distance, country, or payment type

Example

Without the right prefix, Owen could not call the hotel abroad.

dial the prefix before the number

The notice printed the prefix in red above the phone number.

Common collocations
  • country prefix
  • international prefix
  • premium-rate prefix
  • wrong prefix
Synonyms

Grammar Patterns

dial the prefix

country prefix

premium-rate prefix

Usage Note

Often refers to area, country, or special charging codes. In everyday English, code is often more common than prefix.

4. numbers, letters, or signs placed first in a web address or in code

4.nounC1
Definition

numbers, letters, or signs placed first in a web address or in code

Example

Type the https:// prefix before the rest of the school website address.

prefix in a website address

The login script reads the mailto: prefix before opening the help page.

Common collocations
  • URL prefix
  • secure prefix
  • test prefix
  • code prefix
Synonyms
  • tag

    broader and less exact; can refer to other labels too

  • header

    technical and narrower in many computing contexts

  • marker

    general word for a sign placed first

Grammar Patterns

URL prefix

code prefix

secure prefix

Usage Note

Common with website, URL, path, and code. Distinguish from noun/1, which belongs to word formation.

5. a word or short phrase regularly put first to describe what follows

5.nounC2
Definition

a word or short phrase regularly put first to describe what follows

Example

Reporters repeated the prefix former before the minister's name.

descriptive prefix before a name

In class debate, no one liked the prefix so-called before the plan.

prefix so-called

Common collocations
  • descriptive prefix
  • critical prefix
  • prefix former
  • prefix so-called
Synonyms
  • qualifier

    broader; any describing word or phrase that limits meaning

  • tag

    informal; often for a short added label

  • epithet

    stronger and often more judgmental

Grammar Patterns

use a prefix such as former

descriptive prefix

critical prefix

Usage Note

Often carries attitude, doubt, or description, as in former or so-called. Distinguish from noun/2, which is more often a fixed title such as Dr.

prefix — verb

prefix — adjective

Word family

  • prefixed
    adjectiveC2
  • prefixation
    nounC2

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/1

For noun/1, prefix is the normal learner-friendly word for letters added at the front of a word, such as un- or re-. Affix is the wider grammar term because it covers prefixes, suffixes, and other added parts. Suffix is not a true synonym in position: it goes at the end, not the front. Infix is rarer still and is placed inside a word. Combining form is common in dictionary and linguistics discussion for elements like bio- that help build technical words, but it is not always treated exactly the same way as a basic prefix. For classwork, prefix is usually the clearest choice. Say The prefix un- makes the word negative, but say Affix is the umbrella term in grammar books.

affixsuffixinfixcombining form

Etymology

LatinEnglish

Prefix comes from Latin parts meaning before and fasten. It first referred to something fixed at the front of something else. In English, the word later became the grammar term for letters placed before a base word, and then it spread to other things put first.