jaw

jaw — noun

1. the bottom part of a person's or animal's face, below the mouth, that contains t

1.nounA2
Definition

the bottom part of a person's or animal's face, below the mouth, that contains the lower teeth and moves up and down when speaking or eating

Example

Pim clenched his jaw tightly when the doctor gave him the injection.

collocation: clench your jaw (showing tension)

The boxer's jaw was swollen after receiving a punch in the final round.

Common collocations
  • clench your jaw
  • set your jaw
  • square your jaw
  • jaw muscles
  • broken jaw
Synonyms
  • chin

    refers only to the bony front tip of the lower jaw, not the whole moving structure

  • mandible

    formal anatomical term for the lower jaw bone; uncommon in everyday speech

Usage Note

The jaw moves when you talk, eat, or show emotion. Expressions like 'clench one's jaw' or 'set one's jaw' indicate anger, tension, or determination.

Common Mistakes

I hurt my chin when I fell.' (when meaning the bone below the mouth).
I hurt my jaw when I fell.
'chin' is the front tip of the jaw; 'jaw' includes the whole moving part.

2. one of a pair of curved bones inside the mouth that support the teeth and shape

2.nounB1
Definition

one of a pair of curved bones inside the mouth that support the teeth and shape the mouth opening

Example

The dentist examined Gita's upper jaw and found a small cavity near her back tooth.

collocation: upper jaw / lower jaw

Adina's lower jaw was wired shut for six weeks after the surgery.

Common collocations
  • upper jaw
  • lower jaw
  • broken jaw
  • jaw fracture
  • jawbone
Synonyms
  • jawbone

    everyday word for the bone of the jaw; identical in meaning

  • mandible

    formal term for the lower jawbone only; not used for the upper jaw

  • maxilla

    anatomical term for the upper jawbone; very technical

Usage Note

Often preceded by 'upper' or 'lower' to specify which of the two bones. In anatomy, the lower jaw bone is called the mandible and the upper jaw bone is the maxilla.

Common Mistakes

The doctor said I broke my chin bone.
The doctor said I broke my jawbone.
the bone that holds your teeth is the jaw, not the chin.

3. the mouth of an animal, especially one that is large or frightening, thought of

3.nounB1
Definition

the mouth of an animal, especially one that is large or frightening, thought of as an opening that can bite or grab

Example

The crocodile's powerful jaws snapped shut as it caught the fish.

usually plural for animal mouth

The lioness carried her cub gently in her jaws to a safer spot.

Common collocations
  • powerful jaws
  • snapping jaws
  • in its jaws
  • jaws of a ...
Synonyms
  • mouth

    broader term for any animal's mouth; 'jaws' emphasises the biting power and toothy opening

  • maw

    literary word for an animal's mouth or stomach, especially a large one; rare in everyday use

Usage Note

For large or frightening animals, 'jaws' (plural) is more common than 'jaw'. The singular form can be used when referring to one side of the mouth.

Common Mistakes

The shark opened its jaw wide.
The shark opened its jaws wide.
for large dangerous animals, the plural 'jaws' is the standard form.

4. a part on a device that presses against another part to grip, cut, or hold items

4.nounB2
Definition

a part on a device that presses against another part to grip, cut, or hold items firmly

Example

The mechanic adjusted the vice jaws so they held the metal pipe without crushing it.

mechanical context: tool parts that grip

Nia carefully placed the wooden block between the clamp jaws and tightened the screw.

Common collocations
  • jaws of a vice
  • jaws of a clamp
  • adjustable jaws
  • gripping jaws
Synonyms
  • grip

    refers to the holding action rather than the physical parts; 'jaws' are the parts that create the grip

  • clamp

    a device that uses jaws to hold things; can refer to the whole tool rather than just the gripping parts

Usage Note

Typically used in the plural ('jaws') when referring to the pair of gripping parts. Common in descriptions of workshop tools (vice, clamp, pliers, wrench) and industrial machinery.

5. a dangerous or unpleasant situation from which someone or something is barely ab

5.nounC1
Definition

a dangerous or unpleasant situation from which someone or something is barely able to escape, as if caught in the mouth of a predator

Example

The rescue team pulled the climbers from the jaws of death before the avalanche hit.

idiomatic phrase: the jaws of death

The team snatched victory from the jaws of defeat with a last-minute goal.

idiomatic phrase: snatch victory from the jaws of defeat

Common collocations
  • the jaws of death
  • the jaws of defeat
  • from the jaws of
  • in the jaws of
Synonyms
  • clutches

    similar figurative meaning of being caught in a dangerous situation; 'the clutches of' implies being held, while 'jaws' emphasises being about to be consumed

  • grip

    can be figurative ('the grip of fear'); less vivid than 'jaws'

Usage Note

Almost always appears in fixed figurative phrases: 'the jaws of death', 'the jaws of defeat', 'the jaws of a crisis'. The image is of being caught in a predator's mouth and barely escaping.

Common Mistakes

He escaped from death's jaw.
He escaped from the jaws of death.
this sense always uses the plural 'jaws' and the structure 'the jaws of [something bad]'.

6. a long, friendly conversation, especially one about everyday matters that is not

6.nounC1
Definition

a long, friendly conversation, especially one about everyday matters that is not very serious

Example

Christopher had a good jaw with his neighbour about the local election results.

informal use: have a jaw

The two friends sat on the porch and enjoyed a long jaw about old times.

Common collocations
  • have a jaw
  • a long jaw
  • a good jaw
Synonyms
  • chat

    the standard neutral word for an informal conversation; 'jaw' is more old-fashioned and colloquial

  • natter

    British informal word for chatting casually about unimportant matters; similar register

Usage Note

Chiefly British informal use. Often appears in the phrase 'have a jaw' meaning 'have a chat'. Less common in American English, where 'chat' or 'talk' is preferred.

7. the narrow opening or entrance to a cave, tunnel, valley, or other enclosed spac

7.nounC1
Definition

the narrow opening or entrance to a cave, tunnel, valley, or other enclosed space, especially one that seems dangerous or threatening

Example

The explorers stepped into the jaws of the cave, torches cutting through the dark.

the jaws of [a cave/tunnel/valley]

The narrow road passed through the jaws of the mountain pass with steep cliffs.

Common collocations
  • the jaws of the cave
  • the jaws of the tunnel
  • the jaws of the valley
Synonyms
  • mouth

    can mean the entrance to a cave ('the mouth of the cave'); less dramatic than 'jaws'

  • entrance

    neutral word for any opening; 'jaws' adds a sense of danger or threat

Usage Note

Always uses the plural form 'jaws' in the structure 'the jaws of + [geographical feature]'. Literary or dramatic in tone; not used in everyday conversation.

Idioms

used to describe a moment when someone is suddenly very surprised, shocked, or amazed

When Vivek heard the price of the apartment, his jaw nearly hit the floor.

My jaw dropped when I saw how much weight Ife had lost since the summer.

a situation in which someone is about to die or face something extremely dangerous, but is saved at the last moment

The firefighters pulled the child from the jaws of death just as the building collapsed.

The hikers were rescued from the jaws of death after three days lost in the frozen mountains.

to win or succeed at the very last moment when it seemed certain that you would lose or fail

The team snatched victory from the jaws of defeat by scoring twice in the final three minutes.

Hamza snatched victory from the jaws of defeat when he won the debate with a final powerful argument.

This expression describes a person's sudden look of surprise, shock, or disappointment.

When Maya heard the news, her jaw dropped in disbelief.

Did your jaw sag when you saw the final score?

This phrase refers to a very dangerous or unpleasant situation that someone barely avoids.

The hiker escaped from the jaws of death by a narrow margin.

The team pulled victory from the jaws of defeat in the last minute.

This expression means the narrow entrance to a tunnel or similar place, often seeming dangerous.

The car slowly entered the jaws of the dark tunnel.

Standing at the jaws of the cave, Diego felt a chill.

jaw — verb

Word family

  • jawbone
    nounB1
  • jaw-dropping
    adjectiveC1
  • jaw-droppingly
    adverbC1
  • jawless
    adjectiveC2

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/1

All four words relate to the mouth area, but each picks out a different part or tone. 'Chin' (A2) is the everyday word for the bony front tip of the lower jaw — the part that sticks out below your mouth. 'Jawbone' (B1) refers specifically to the bone itself, not the surrounding flesh, and is the usual non-technical term. 'Mandible' (C1) is the formal anatomical name for the lower jawbone only; you will hear it at the dentist or in biology class but rarely in conversation. 'Maw' (C2) is literary and refers to an animal's mouth or stomach, especially a large, frightening one — 'the maw of the beast.' In a sentence: 'Pim rubbed his chin thoughtfully while the dentist explained the fracture in his jawbone. The medical diagram labelled the lower jawbone as the mandible, but the fishing story described the shark's enormous maw.'

chinmandiblejawbonemaw

Common collocations

Nouns

  • upper jaw
  • lower jaw
  • broken jaw

Phrases

  • jaws of death
  • jaws of defeat
  • jaw-dropping
  • jaw-droppingly

Prepositions

  • in the jaws of
  • from the jaws of

Etymology

LatinOld FrenchEnglish

The word 'jaw' entered English around the 1300s, likely from Old French 'joue' meaning 'cheek', which itself came from Latin 'gabata' meaning 'bowl' or 'dish'. The connection is that the cheek and jaw form a bowl-like hollow in the face. Over time, the meaning shifted from 'cheek' to the whole structure of the mouth, including the bones and the moving lower part. The figurative senses — 'jaws of death', mechanical 'jaws' — developed in the 1500s and 1600s, drawing on the image of an animal's mouth closing around its prey.