buy

buy — verb

1. to give money to a shop, person, or company in order to take an item, service, o

1.verbtransitive / intransitiveA1
Definition

to give money to a shop, person, or company in order to take an item, service, or right away with you.

Example

Maya bought a red umbrella at the corner shop on her way home.

buy + object + at + place

Marcus bought his daughter a small bicycle for her seventh birthday.

ditransitive: buy + somebody + something

Common collocations
  • buy cheap
  • buy in bulk
  • buy online
  • buy a ticket
  • buy a house
  • buy groceries
Synonyms
  • purchase

    more formal; common in receipts, contracts, and reports

  • get

    very informal; only clear from context that money is involved

  • pick up

    informal; suggests a quick or casual purchase

Antonyms
  • sell

    to give an item in exchange for money

  • return

    to take a bought item back to the shop for a refund

Grammar Patterns

buy + something

buy + somebody + something

buy + something + for + somebody

buy + something + from + somebody

Usage Note

Past tense and past participle are both 'bought'. The thing paid is normally introduced by 'for' ('for ten dollars'); the seller is introduced by 'from'.

Common Mistakes

I bought to my brother a watch.
I bought my brother a watch.' or 'I bought a watch for my brother.
never put 'to' before the receiving person.
She buyed a new phone yesterday.
She bought a new phone yesterday.
the past tense is irregular: 'bought', not 'buyed'.

2. to give money or a favour to a person, usually one in a position of power, in or

2.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to give money or a favour to a person, usually one in a position of power, in order to get them to act in a way that helps you and is often dishonest.

Example

The drug gang tried to buy several local police officers, but two of them refused.

buy + somebody (in a position of power)

Critics claimed the company had bought the inspector who signed off on the unsafe factory.

Common collocations
  • buy a witness
  • buy a judge
  • buy votes
  • buy off
Synonyms
  • bribe

    more direct and explicit; the standard word for this action

  • pay off

    very informal; often used in news reports about scandals

  • corrupt

    stronger; implies long-term moral damage, not a single payment

Grammar Patterns

buy + somebody

buy + somebody + off

Usage Note

Object is normally a person with authority or influence (a judge, official, witness, voter). Often appears in passive ('be bought') or negative ('can't be bought'). Distinct from sense 3, which specifically targets silence about a secret.

Common Mistakes

They bought the mayor a lot of money.
They bought the mayor with a lot of money.' or 'They bribed the mayor.
for the bribe meaning, the cash goes after 'with', not as a second object.

3. to give money or some other thing to a person so that they will keep quiet about

3.verbtransitiveC1
Definition

to give money or some other thing to a person so that they will keep quiet about a secret you do not want made public.

Example

The film star tried to buy the photographer who had pictures of the hotel meeting.

buy + somebody (who holds a secret)

Marcus thought a generous cheque would buy his old assistant, but she went straight to the press.

Common collocations
  • buy somebody's silence
  • buy a witness
  • buy off
Synonyms
  • silence

    more direct; means stopping someone from speaking, by any method

  • hush up

    informal; focus is on covering up the story itself, not paying a person

  • pay off

    very informal; broader — covers any payment to make a problem go away

Grammar Patterns

buy + somebody

buy + somebody's + silence

Usage Note

Differs from sense 2 ('BRIBE') in that the goal is specifically silence about something already known, not getting someone to perform a dishonest act. Often paired with the noun 'silence' (also 'buy somebody's silence').

Common Mistakes

They bought him to keep quiet about the affair.
They bought his silence about the affair.' or 'They paid him to keep quiet about the affair.
for the silence meaning, prefer 'buy somebody's silence' or rephrase with 'pay'.

4. to accept that a story, excuse, or claim is true, especially when it sounds unli

4.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to accept that a story, excuse, or claim is true, especially when it sounds unlikely or you are doubtful.

Example

I don't buy the idea that he forgot his wallet for the fourth time this month.

buy + the idea / story (negative)

Will the jury really buy that Marcus was at the cinema when his car was at the scene?

buy + that-clause (in a question)

Common collocations
  • I don't buy it
  • buy an excuse
  • buy a story
  • hard to buy
Synonyms
  • believe

    neutral; works in any register, with or without doubt

  • swallow

    informal; stresses that the claim was hard to accept yet was accepted

  • fall for

    informal; suggests the listener was tricked into believing

Antonyms
  • doubt

    to feel uncertain that something is true

  • reject

    to refuse to accept a claim or idea

Grammar Patterns

buy + something (story / excuse / explanation)

buy + that-clause

Usage Note

Most common in negative sentences ('I don't buy it') and questions ('Do you really buy that?'). Object is typically a story, excuse, claim, or that-clause — not a concrete object, which would trigger sense 1.

Common Mistakes

I don't buy you.
I don't buy your story.' or 'I don't believe you.
you 'buy' a claim or excuse, not a person, in this sense.

5. (of an amount of money) to have a value high enough that it covers the cost of a

5.verbtransitiveC1
Definition

(of an amount of money) to have a value high enough that it covers the cost of a particular item or service.

Example

Twenty dollars won't buy you a decent meal in central Tokyo these days.

money + won't buy + somebody + something

A teacher's monthly salary barely buys a small flat on the edge of the city.

subject is a sum / salary

Common collocations
  • money can't buy
  • what little money buys
  • barely buys
  • no longer buys
Synonyms
  • afford

    person-subject opposite frame ('she can afford it' vs 'her salary buys it')

  • cover

    neutral; the money is enough to pay the cost

  • stretch to

    informal British; the amount is just barely enough

Grammar Patterns

money + buys + something

what + money + can / cannot + buy

Usage Note

Subject must be an amount of money, a salary, or a similar measure of wealth — not a person. Often appears in negative or 'cannot' patterns to make a point about the limits of money.

Common Mistakes

He buys a small flat with his salary.' (when meaning: his salary is enough for a flat)
His salary buys a small flat.
to express what an amount is enough for, the money itself must be the subject.

6. to win a result, advantage, or quality by giving up or losing something else tha

6.verbtransitiveC1
Definition

to win a result, advantage, or quality by giving up or losing something else that was important to you.

Example

The country bought its independence with the lives of thousands of young soldiers.

buy + abstract goal + with + cost

Marcus bought a few quiet years in the countryside at the cost of his career in the city.

buy + something + at the cost of

Common collocations
  • buy peace
  • buy freedom
  • buy victory
  • dearly bought
  • buy at the cost of
Synonyms
  • gain

    neutral; does not always imply a heavy price was paid

  • win

    stresses the result of effort or struggle

  • secure

    more formal; often used about agreements, peace, freedom

Antonyms
  • lose

    the opposite outcome — not gaining, regardless of price

  • forfeit

    to lose something as a punishment for an error or wrong action

Grammar Patterns

buy + something + with + something

be bought + with + something

Usage Note

Object is normally an abstract gain (peace, freedom, victory, fame). The price is introduced by 'with', 'at the cost of', or 'by + -ing'. Often passive when the gain is the focus.

Common Mistakes

They bought peace from a long war.
They bought peace with the lives of many soldiers.' or 'They bought peace at a great cost.
the price is introduced by 'with' or 'at the cost of', not 'from'.
Phrasal verbs

buy into

phrasal verb

to accept and start supporting an idea, plan, or set of beliefs, often after some doubt; or to pay money so you become a part owner of a business.

Many young workers no longer buy into the idea that they must stay at one company for life.

Marcus bought into his cousin's bakery and now helps run the weekend market stall.

buy out

phrasal verb

to pay another person for their share of a business or property so that you become the only owner.

After the divorce, Lina bought out her ex-husband's half of the small bookshop.

A larger company bought out the family hotel and turned it into a chain branch.

buy up

phrasal verb

to buy as much of something as you can, often quickly and before other people get the chance.

Tourists bought up every bottle of the local rice wine before the festival even began.

Big developers are buying up old houses near the new train station.

buy in

phrasal verb

to purchase a supply of something in advance because you will need it soon or it may be hard to find later.

The café owner bought in extra coffee beans before the supplier raised prices last month.

buy off

phrasal verb

to give somebody money or favours so that they stop making trouble for you or stop opposing your plans.

The factory boss tried to buy off the angry neighbours with cash and free electricity.

You cannot buy off every critic — sooner or later one of them will speak out.

Idioms

to do something so that an event, decision, or deadline is delayed and you have a chance to think or get ready.

Sarah told a long story about traffic to buy time before the angry client arrived.

The lawyer asked endless small questions, mostly to buy time for her assistant to find the missing file.

buy it

idiom

to die, especially in an accident or war (used informally and often jokingly).

Old soldiers in the village still talk about the friends who bought it on the beaches in 1944.

to pay for an item without first checking it carefully, so you risk getting something of poor quality.

Never buy a used motorbike online without seeing it — that is buying a pig in a poke.

of the very highest quality, since the buyer was willing to pay a top price.

The Watanabe family booked the best hotel in Kyoto that money could buy for their grandparents' anniversary.

This means someone has died, usually in an accident or war.

The pilot bought it when his plane crashed into the mountain.

Did you hear that old soldier finally bought it last week?

This means a country regains control of its own land or property from foreign owners.

The government plans to buy back the farm from the foreign company.

Can our nation afford to buy back the farm from overseas investors?

This is a casual way to say someone has died.

My great-grandfather bought the farm in a farming accident.

If you drive that fast, you might buy the farm tonight.

This means buying something without checking its quality or condition first.

Buying a used car online can be a pig in a poke.

She refused to buy a pig in a poke and asked for a test drive.

This means selling or buying something that is worthless or much less valuable than the price paid.

The dealer sold me a pup; the watch stopped after one day.

Don't buy a pup from that street vendor; his goods are fake.

buy — noun

Word family

  • buyer
    nounB1
  • buying
    nounB1
  • buyout
    nounC1
  • buyback
    nounC1
  • rebuy
    verbC2
  • unbuyable
    adjectiveC2

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

All four verbs can describe taking ownership of something, but they differ in formality and in how clearly money is involved. 'Buy' is the everyday word and is the only one of the four that always implies a payment, usually in money: 'I bought a coffee.' 'Purchase' covers the same idea but sounds formal and is preferred in receipts, contracts, and business reports: 'The company purchased new software.' 'Acquire' is broader and more formal still — it can describe gaining something through any method, including buying, inheriting, or being given: 'She acquired three paintings at the auction.' 'Get' is the most informal and is only clear from context that money was involved: 'I got a new phone yesterday' may or may not mean she paid for it. In casual speech, prefer 'buy' or 'get'; in writing about business or law, prefer 'purchase' or 'acquire'.

Common collocations

Nouns

  • buy a ticket
  • buy a house
  • buy a car
  • buy time
  • buy groceries
  • buy shares

Adverbs

Phrases

  • money can't buy
  • the best money can buy
  • buy now, pay later
  • buy and sell

Prepositions

  • buy from
  • buy for (a price)
  • buy for (a person)
  • buy at (a place / price)
  • buy with

Etymology

Proto-GermanicOld EnglishMiddle EnglishModern English

'Buy' comes from Old English 'bycgan', meaning to pay for, redeem, or get hold of something. It traces back to a shared Proto-Germanic root that also gave Gothic and Old Saxon related verbs, but its origins outside Germanic are unclear. The strong past-tense form 'bought' (Old English 'bohte') has stayed irregular for over a thousand years, while many other Old English verbs were smoothed out into regular '-ed' forms. The modern informal senses — 'believe' (1920s American slang) and 'bribe' — grew naturally out of the core idea: to accept something as your own in exchange for a price, whether that price is money, a favour, or simply trust.