begin

begin — verb

1. to first appear or start taking place

1.verbintransitiveA1
Definition

to first appear or start taking place

Example

The concert began at seven after the crowd filled the hall.

something begins at [time]

A small fire began in the kitchen while Mira washed dishes.

Common collocations
  • begin at seven
  • begin early
  • begin suddenly
  • begin when ...
  • trouble begins
Synonyms
  • start

    the most general everyday word

  • happen

    focuses on an event taking place, not on the starting moment itself

  • appear

    fits best when something becomes noticeable or visible

Antonyms
  • end

    describes something reaching its finish

  • stop

    describes something no longer continuing

Grammar Patterns

something begins

something begins at [time]

something begins when ...

Usage Note

Used for events, periods, feelings, relationships, and other things that come into being. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense is about something starting to exist or happen, not about a person starting an action.

Common Mistakes

The meeting began from nine.
The meeting began at nine.
use at for a starting time.

2. to start an action, task, or project

2.verbtransitive / intransitiveA2
Definition

to start an action, task, or project

Example

Noah began to read the letter on the bus home.

begin to + verb

After lunch, the team began building the stage for the play.

begin + -ing form

Common collocations
  • begin to read
  • begin building
  • begin homework
  • begin work
  • begin a project
Synonyms
  • start

    the usual everyday choice and slightly more informal

  • undertake

    more formal and often used for difficult work or responsibility

  • launch

    often used when something new is started in a public or organized way

Antonyms
  • finish

    focuses on reaching the end of the action

  • quit

    focuses on stopping before or without finishing

Grammar Patterns

begin to do something

begin doing something

begin something

Usage Note

Common with both to + verb and the -ing form, especially in speech and writing. It can also take a direct object when you mean starting a task, project, business, or other planned activity.

Common Mistakes

I began to my report after dinner.
I began my report after dinner.
use a noun object after begin, not to + noun.
Nina began write at six.
Nina began to write at six.
use to before the verb in this pattern.

3. to say your first words after being silent

3.verbintransitiveB1
Definition

to say your first words after being silent

Example

After the bell rang, Ms. Wu began, 'Please open your books.'

begin + direct speech

After a long pause, Daniel began, 'I need to tell the truth.'

begin in a ... voice

Common collocations
  • begin, '...'
  • begin in a quiet voice
  • begin a story
  • begin with a joke
  • begin to answer
Synonyms
  • start

    works in many of the same situations, but begin is a little more neutral in written narrative

  • speak up

    emphasizes starting to speak, often after silence

  • open

    often used for starting a speech, meeting, or remark in a formal setting

Antonyms
  • stop

    describes ending the speech or remarks

  • fall silent

    describes becoming quiet instead of starting to speak

Grammar Patterns

someone begins, '...'

begin in a ... voice

Usage Note

Often used when introducing direct speech, a speech, a story, or first remarks. Distinguish from sense 2: sense 2 is about starting any activity, while this sense focuses on opening your speech or speaking turn.

Common Mistakes

She began to us about the trip.
She began to tell us about the trip.
begin needs a full speaking verb such as tell or explain in this pattern.

4. to have a particular thing as the opening part

4.verbintransitiveB1
Definition

to have a particular thing as the opening part

Example

The lesson begins with a song about animals.

begin with + first part

Her email began with an apology to the whole team.

Common collocations
  • begin with a song
  • begin with an apology
  • begin with a photo
  • begin with a question
  • begin with the first item
Synonyms
  • start with

    the everyday equivalent

  • open with

    common for books, films, speeches, or performances

  • lead with

    often suggests choosing something as the opening move

Antonyms
  • end with

    describes the final part instead of the first part

Grammar Patterns

something begins with something

Usage Note

Usually followed by with and names the first scene, sentence, item, or activity inside something. Distinguish from sense 5, which gives the point, place, time, or number where something starts.

Common Mistakes

The film begins from a dream scene.
The film begins with a dream scene.
use with for the first part inside something.

5. to start from a particular place, time, number, or level

5.verbintransitiveB1
Definition

to start from a particular place, time, number, or level

Example

The road begins at the bridge near the post office.

begin at + place

Summer vacation begins in July at this school.

begin in + month

Common collocations
  • begin at the bridge
  • begin in July
  • begin at three hundred dollars
  • begin from the market square
  • begin at one
Synonyms
  • start at

    the most direct everyday pattern for a point or level

  • start from

    common when the starting point is a place or lower limit

  • run from

    used for ranges, especially times, pages, or numbers

Antonyms
  • end at

    gives the finishing point instead of the starting point

  • end in

    gives the finishing time or period instead of the beginning

Grammar Patterns

something begins at [point]

something begins in [time]

something begins from [place]

Usage Note

Often followed by at, in, or from with places, times, prices, and numbers. Distinguish from sense 4: this sense tells you where or when the starting point is, not what comes first.

Common Mistakes

The class begins with 8:30.
The class begins at 8:30.
use at for a starting time.
Idioms

You should first take care of your own family and close friends before helping others.

Maya always donates to local shelters because she believes charity begins at home.

Before volunteering abroad, remember that charity begins at home and help your neighbors.

Used to talk about the first part of a situation or the first reason for something.

To begin with, we had no electricity in the new house.

Why was the trip bad? To begin with, our flight was delayed for hours.

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/2

For sense 2, begin and start are very close, and in many daily situations either one works. Start is usually a little more natural in casual speech, while begin can sound slightly more careful or written. Commence is much more formal and is common in notices, ceremonies, and official language, as in a class commencing at nine. Launch is different because it often suggests starting something new in a planned, public, or business-like way, such as launching a project or a product. So you begin your homework, start cooking dinner, commence the ceremony, and launch a new website.

Etymology

Proto-GermanicOld EnglishEnglish

Begin comes from Old English beginnan. It is an old Germanic verb related to the idea of starting or undertaking something, and it has kept both the everyday meaning of starting an action and the wider use for things that start, appear, or take shape.