floral
Word family
Synonym discussion
Sense: adjective/1
All three words describe a connection to flowers, but they differ in scope and register. 'Floral' is the neutral, all-purpose term — it can describe anything from a real bouquet to a printed dress. 'Flowery' is more informal and carries a slight subjective flavour: a flowery shirt might be considered busy or overly decorated, and 'flowery language' is a common metaphorical use. 'Flower-patterned' is strictly literal — you would only use it for printed or woven designs, never for real flowers. 'Botanical' has a scientific or natural-history feel and is much broader, covering all plant life, not just flowers. For example, you would say 'a floral centrepiece' (real flowers), 'a flower-patterned tablecloth' (printed), and 'a botanical garden' (all plants).
Common collocations
Etymology
The word 'floral' entered English in the mid-1700s from French 'floral', which came from Latin 'floralis' meaning 'of flowers'. The Latin root 'flōs' (flower) is also the source of 'flourish', 'flower', 'flora', and 'Florida' (meaning 'flowery'). The noun senses for perfume and pattern developed later, in the 1800s, as the word expanded from botany into fashion and perfumery.