durham
durham — noun
1. 英格蘭東北部的一座城市，達勒姆郡（County Durham）的行政中心，以其中世紀大教堂（Durham Cathedral）和城堡聞名。
英格蘭東北部的一座城市，達勒姆郡（County Durham）的行政中心，以其中世紀大教堂（Durham Cathedral）和城堡聞名。
Andrew spent his first year at Durham University exploring the old city walls.
The train from London to Durham takes about three hours.
travel collocation: train from [place] to [place]
Ada visited Durham Cathedral and said the architecture was breathtaking.
Asher booked a weekend trip to Durham to see the river and the market square.
Usage Note
Proper noun — does not take an article unless referring to 'the city of Durham' or 'the University of Durham'.
2. 英格蘭東北部的一個郡（行政區），東臨北海，以煤礦歷史和丘陵地貌著稱。
英格蘭東北部的一個郡（行政區），東臨北海，以煤礦歷史和丘陵地貌著稱。
County Durham has a long history of coal mining that shaped its towns.
collocation: County Durham — always used with 'County' to refer to the administrative area
Nikos drove through County Durham on his way to Newcastle.
The North Pennines Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty covers parts of County Durham.
Many villages in County Durham still have old stone bridges from the 1700s.
Usage Note
When referring to the county, the full form 'County Durham' is standard. Simply saying 'Durham' usually means the city.
Common Mistakes
3. 美國北卡羅來納州中北部的一座城市，位於羅里（Raleigh）西北方，為著名的研究與學術中心（俗稱「三角研究園區」區域）。
美國北卡羅來納州中北部的一座城市，位於羅里（Raleigh）西北方，為著名的研究與學術中心（俗稱「三角研究園區」區域）。
Arjun moved to Durham, North Carolina, for a job at a biotech company.
common pattern: 'Durham, [state name]' for US location disambiguation
Duke University is one of the biggest employers in Durham.
Selim said the food scene in downtown Durham is surprisingly diverse.
The annual film festival in Durham attracts visitors from across North Carolina.
Usage Note
In American English, 'Durham' alone may be ambiguous; speakers often add 'North Carolina' or 'NC' to distinguish it from the English city.
Common Mistakes
Etymology
「Durham」這個地名源自古英語「Dunholm」，意為「山坡上的島嶼」（dun = 山坡，holm = 島嶼），指的是該城最初建於威爾河（River Wear）彎曲處一塊隆起的高地上。後來在諾曼人影響下演變為現代拼寫 Durham。