buddha
Word family
Synonym discussion
Sense: noun/1
For noun/1, the Buddha usually means Siddhartha Gautama, the historical teacher whose teaching began Buddhism. Siddhartha Gautama is the personal name, while the Buddha is the title used after awakening, so books often use both. Bodhisattva is different: it names someone on the path toward full awakening, often with an idea of helping others as well. Arhat also belongs to Buddhist teaching, but it refers to a liberated person, not to the founding teacher himself. In plain English, people sometimes explain Buddha as an enlightened one, but that is looser than the title. Compare: The Buddha taught the Middle Way. A bodhisattva delays final release to help others.
Etymology
Buddha comes from Sanskrit buddha and the related Pali form buddha, both meaning awakened or enlightened. The word is linked to a root meaning wake up, notice, or understand. English first used it for Siddhartha Gautama, and later also for images of him and, in Buddhist teaching, for any fully awakened being.